global governance

Question 1

What is global governance?

Answer 1

institutions that manage global affairs- consensus forming/generating guidelines & agreements governing planet.

Question 2

what are norms?

Answer 2

values, traditions & customs that govern individuals behavior in a society

Question 3

what are laws?

Answer 3

obligatory, protect rights and interests of those who live under them.

Question 4

How norms in society are different between UK and other countries?

Answer 4

pets- animal welfare act is a law- protects from abuse/neglect
strays common in other countries

Question 5

implications of these differences?

Answer 5

complexity of governance, different ways to interpret/enforce laws- conservation & human rights protection

Question 6

Why is global governance important?

Answer 6

interdependence, global commons, decision making, global issues

Question 7

What do actors in global governance do?

Answer 7

address key issues- trade, environment, poverty, human rights, civil conflict

Question 8

Difference between reactive and proactive actors?

Answer 8

reactive= after event has happened
e.g. NG= invest/laws TNCs= new working practices IO= offer advice/put pressure on
Proactive= eliminates issues before they appear
e.g. NG= votes/decisions TNCs= sponsor/support NGO work IO= publicise/agreements

Question 9

the norms in the Mosuo society

Answer 9

Matriarchy, no word for father/husband (women didn’t marry), property handed down through female line, women can have as many lovers as they wish (secret evening trysts)- grandmother head of household.

Question 10

Name 4 regulatory bodies

Answer 10

international regulations (IMF,WTO), national governments, coordinating groups of countries (GB), regional trading blocs (EU, NAFTA, ASEAN)

Question 11

Explain the world bank

Answer 11

1944- fights poverty by offering developmental assistance to MICs and LICs - gives loans and offers advice and training (in both private and public sectors)
source of financial and technical assistance to developing countries
by 2030: end extreme poverty (no more than 3%)

Question 12

pros and cons

Answer 12

+ global poverty alleviation in LICs, reconstruct post conflict nations
- public infrastructure projects recognized as unmitigated disasters: 1/3 projects failing, sardar sarovar dam project in India ( Gurjurat irrigation, supply domestic, municipal and industrial water- protests, 250,000 displaced in 245 villages)
small no. 186 countries are rich

Question 13

Explain the IMF

Answer 13

1944- loans to distressed countries at relatively low interest rate. promotes economic growth and financial stability, encourage trade, reduce poverty

Question 14

cons of IMF

Answer 14

policy makers unconcerned about human rights, austerity programs increase taxes even when economy is weak, reacts rather than prevents, controlled y western nations, sell as many natural assets they can with western discounts

Question 15

Explain UNCED (Rio Earth Summit)

Answer 15

1992- 178 countries- solutions for problems such as poverty, war and growing gap between developing and industrialized countries
27 principles of environment and development , Agenda 21 and sustainable management of forests- meets needs of poor and recognizes limits of developments

Question 16

why did it provoke controversy?

Answer 16

attack on personal liabilities, focus on population control (religion against this), attack on idea of private property

Question 17

Explain UNFCCC (framework Convention on CC)

Answer 17

1992- Rio Earth Summit- stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in atmosphere- framework convention that birthed:
Kyoto Protocol- countries given individual targets on carbon reduction, USA didn’t join
Paris Climate change- limit atmospheric climate change to 2 degrees- not USA/not legally binding

Question 18

Explain the interaction of global governance at all scales

Answer 18

communication and understanding at all scales-
clarity often provided by NGOs: ensure democratic decision making is followed, protect human rights, provided essential services
advocacy(campaign to raise awareness) or provide operational function (provide services, tools, shelter, food)

Question 19

Issues associated with global governance

Answer 19

western dominated (protect their policies), different norms/cultures, difficult to enforce consequences, people need evidence for things like climate change