Global Geographical issues: Development dynamics + urbanising world

Question 1

What is the birth rate?

Answer 1

number of births per 1000 people per year

Question 2

what is the death rate?

Answer 2

number of deaths per 1000 people per year

Question 3

what is the dependency ratio?

Answer 3

The proportion of people below 14 or above 65

Question 4

what is the fertility rate?

Answer 4

The average number of births per women

Question 5

what is infant mortality (rate)?

Answer 5

number of children per 1000 live births who die before age 1

Question 6

What is maternal mortality?

Answer 6

Number of mothers per 100 000 who die in child birth

Question 7

How is development measured?

Answer 7

using development indicators like:

• GDP
• Human development index
• percentage below above poverty line

Question 8

How is Human development index measured?

Answer 8

using an average of

• life expectancy
• literacy rate
• average length of schooling
• GDP per capita

Question 9

What problems face Malawi from developing?

Answer 9

• contaminated water
• changing climate–draught, food shortages
• land locked
• rural isolation

Question 10

What are the 5 stages of Rostow’s theory?

Answer 10

1) traditional society
2) pre take of society
3) take of stage
4) drive to maturity
5) high mass consumption

Question 11

What are the three sections of frank’s dependency theory?

Answer 11

periphery -> semi-periphery –> core

Question 12

What is globalisation?

Answer 12

the way in which countries have become increasingly connected through trade and investment.

Question 13

Why have TNC’s invested in Asian countries?

Answer 13

• cheaper wages

- goods made cheaper

Question 14

What is top down development?

give example

Answer 14

Decisions made by the government to invest in something hoping for the improvements to help everyone yet they don’t always
e.g. sardar sarovar dam in india

Question 15

What is bottom up development?

give example

Answer 15

usually run by non government organisations such as charities for communities who need it
e.g. a biogas tank which uses animal waste to produce gas to burn

Question 16

What is urbanisation?

Answer 16

an increase in the number of people living in cities

Question 17

What is suburbanisation?

Answer 17

The movement of people, industry and jobs from the centre of the cities into the countryside.
(this usually only occurs in a developed country).

Question 18

What is counter urbanisation?

Answer 18

The movement of people out of the cities into the countryside.
(usually only occurs in developed country)

Question 19

What is regeneration?

Answer 19

new investment into old run down parts of the city, usually inner city areas to make them more attractive to businesses and housing.

Question 20

Which megacity did we cover in class?

Answer 20

Mumbai in india

Question 21

What are the problems with Rostows’s modernisation theory?

Answer 21

• it assumes that all countries start at the same level of development
• it doesn’t consider the quantity of the country’s resources or climate/natural hazards