Global Food Security Flashcards
_ out of _ people in the world (or _ million people) do not have enough food to lead a healthy, active life.
1 out of 9 people (or 795 million people)
_ of all food produced in the world (or _ billion metric tons) go to waste, while _ million people go hungry
1/3, 1.3billion and 795
over 2 billion adults are overweight or obese due to over consumption of ___ ____
unhealthy food
In Sub-Saharan Africa, __ people is undernourished
1 out of 4 or 1/4
45% of deaths in children under 5 yrs old (3 million children) is caused by __ ___
poor nutrition
Every year, about _ million metric tons of food go to waste in rich countries, which is equivalent to the entire net food production of Sub-Saharan Africa (230 million metric tons).
222
is a major contribution to greenhouse gases, deforestation, and water scarcity
agriculture
_ liters of water are needed to produce 1kg of rice
3,500
_liters of water are needed to produce 1kg of beef
15,000
The land required to produce 1kg of meat could produce about _kg of potatoes
200
is the state of having reliable
access to a sufficient quantity of affordable,
nutritious food.
Food security
is a condition related to the
availability of food, and an individual’s
accessibility and affordability to it
Food Security
refers to the availability &
accessibility of an individual to get sufficient
quantity of food that is reliable & affordable to
the individual
Food Security
is considered food secure when its
occupants do not live in hunger or fear of
starvation.
Household
Food Security, at the individual, household, national, regional and global levels is achieved when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life
Definition of Food Security (1996 World Food Summit)
Food Security, at the individual, household, national, regional and global levels is achieved when all people, at all times, have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life
Definition of Food Security (updated 2021): The state of Food Insecurity in the World
4 pillars of food security
Availability
Access
Use and Utilization
Stability
- physical existence of food
- Sum total of domestic production, commercial food imports and exports, food aids and domestic food stocks
Availability
- means households have enough resources to obtain food in sufficient quantity, quality, and diversity for a nutritious diet
Access
Refers to the households’ decision on what type and how much food to purchase, prepare, consume, and allocate within the household
Use and Utilization
A state wherein the household has a constant supply of food throughout the year and in the long-term
Stability
very dependent on external factors and risks, such us natural natural disasters, climate change, war, and market price volatility
Stability
Key factors that affect food security
Climate Change
Global Water Crisis
Changing Dietary Preference
Population Growth
Land Degradation
Greedy Land Deals
Declining Farmer Population
Competition with Biofuels
The world population is expected to grow to 9.1billion by 2050
population growth
__ largely impacts food production
water scarcity
With rising income, people, especially those in the urban areas, are increasingly developing preference for processed food as well as meat & diary products.
Changing Dietary Preference
has accelerated the spread of Western-style diets, which are high in sugar, salt, fat and animal-based protein.
Globalization
water scarcity largely impacts food production. Without water, crops cannot be grown and livestock cannot be raised.
Global Water Crisis
Agriculture accounts for the highest usage of water in the globe. irrigation, specifically takes up approximately _% of fresh water allocated for human use.
70
significantly affects food security. Global warming has resulted to more frequent, more severe and more extreme disasters which damage crops and disrupt access to food
Climate Change
detrimental to livestock; it makes them vulnerable to disease, lowers their milk production, and reduces their fertility
Heat stress
developing countries get enticed to lopsided deals with corporations, which give the latter the rights to agricultural lands at the expense of the former’s own food security
Greedy Land Deals
due to declining fossil fuel reserves, biofuels are increasingly being explored as a renewable alternative.
Competition with Biofuels
The world relies on small agriculture producers; some 500 million smallholder farms worldwide produce over 80% of the food consumed in the developing world
Declining Farmer Population
Malnutrition is associated with triple burden to families
Health issues
Food shortage or inflationary food prices are causes of social unrest in most countries
social disorder
Consequences of Lack of food security
Social Disorder
Health issues
Low economic Productivity that further leads to poverty
Malnourishment leads to low mental acuity and poor physical stamina
Low economic Productivity that further leads to poverty
4 core aspirations for the global food systems
efficient
inclusive
sustainable
nutritious & healthy
all actors in the Global Food Systems, including the smallholder farmers, women, youth, and consumers
Inclusive
Provides and promotes consumption of diverse nutritious and healthy food for a healthy diet, while educating consumers on the environmental impact of dietary choices
Nutritious & Healthy
The solutions and policies must address the short and long term issues, while minimizing the negative environmental impact
Sustainable
the whole food value chain should provide adequate quantities of food for global needs while minimizing loss and waste
Efficient
Models for sustainable global food systems
- Business Innovation: Business have the opportunity to drive progress through innovation
- Smart policies are needed to redesign systems
- Redesign Social and Ecology practices
- Responsive and Responsible Leadership
Business should transform agricultural processes through the application of cutting-edge technologies such as:
Robotics
Gene editing
Artificial Intelligence
Big Data
