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Freshman year > Global Final review > Flashcards

Global Final review Flashcards

1
Q

What was Ancient Egypt’s Geography

A

Flooding –> silt —> fertal soil

Travel/trade

Sahara dessert

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2
Q

What was Mesopatiana’s Geography

A

-Fertile crescent
- Land between two rivers
- Plains - walled city’s

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3
Q

What were Mesopatiana’s Contributions

A
  • Cuneiform - stylus - clay tablets
  • Wheels
  • Irrigation systems
  • Clay bricks
  • Social classes
  • Trade
  • Algebra, geometry, calendar
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4
Q

Where was Indus river valley located

A

India

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5
Q

what was Indus river valley Geography

A

Monsoons

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6
Q

what was Indus river valley Religion

A
  • Polytheistic
  • Animal/nature gods
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7
Q

what was Indus river valleys Government

A
  • Mohenjo-Daro
  • Harappa
    -Well planed cities
  • Central government
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8
Q

what were Indus river valley contributions

A
  • Written language (not deciphered yet)
  • Indoor plumbing
  • Clay bricks
  • Cpttpm
  • trade
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9
Q

What was China’s Geogrpahy

A
  • Huang He - Yellow RIver - “river of sorrows”
  • Middle kingdom
  • Ethocentrism
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10
Q

What was China’s religion

A
  • Many gods / spirits in nature
  • Priests
  • Oracle bones
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11
Q

What was China’s Government

A
  • Dynasty
  • Shang Dynasty is first dynasty
  • Mandate of heaven
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12
Q

What were China’s Conreibutions

A
  • Photographs
  • Wooden cities
  • Social classes (nobles and warriors )
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13
Q

What was the first set of written Laws

A

The code of Hammurabi

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14
Q

Bureaucracy

A

A system for managing government through department that are run by appointed officials

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15
Q

What dynasty did Emperor Shi Huangdi rule

A

Quin Dynasty

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16
Q

Who did this?
- United sections of china
- Unified country with a set of measurments
- Ruthless leader –> fallowed legalism
- Persicuted Confucian scholars to have power
- Begain building the great wall of china
Had a tomb built for himself with life-size terracotta statues of his army

A

Emperor Shi Huangdi

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17
Q

Direct Democracy

A

Citizens take a direct role in the day to day running of the government, for example voting for laws

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18
Q

Hellenistic

A

Greek Philosophy, Plays, Art, Science, Math and more contributions

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19
Q

Socrates

A

A Greek philosopher with a questioning method called “Socratic method”

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20
Q

Plato

A

A Greek philosopher who wrote about government. This writing was called “the republic”

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21
Q

Aristotle

A

A Greek philosopher who created the idea that “people learn through reason.”

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22
Q

What type of art was this:
- Columns; balance & simplicity; parthinon
- Human body shown in its most perfect form

A

Greek art

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23
Q

What ruled Rome

A

The senate

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24
Q

Who established the Roman empire also known as the pax Romana

A

Octavian (Augustus)

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25
Q

who was Julius ceaser

A
  • He helped with hunger
  • took lots of power
    conquered many countries
  • tried to make himself king
    made a calendar
  • he forced his allies out of pompey and france
    gave people citizenship
  • was a dictator
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26
Q

What was the trade route that connected the Han dynasty and the Persian empire

A

The silk road

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27
Q

Constantine

A

A ruler who converted to christianity which changed rome.

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28
Q

Augustus

A

The first emperor of Rome.

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29
Q

Edict of Milan

A

the end of assasination to christians in Rome.

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30
Q

What led the roman empire to fall

A
  • Government became too strict
  • High taxes
  • Too big and hard to control
  • Disease and war
  • People become selfish and lazy
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31
Q

Animism - location

A
  • Africa
  • Shang china
  • Shinto - Japanise Verizon with shrines
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32
Q

Animism - Major beliefs

A
  • followers believe they are impacted by deceased ancestors and spirits in nature.
  • Prayer is important because they influence the acts of the gods and the spirits of ancestor and nature
  • belief in spirits
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33
Q

Hinduism - Location

A

India

34
Q

Hinduism - Major beliefs

A
  • Reincarnation is the rebirth of the soul in a new body. It allows people to continue their joourney to moksha.
  • Why does karma and Dharma matter? :
    You must fallow your Dharma (rules and duties of your caste) to have good karma (your destiny)
35
Q

Buddhism - Location

A

Began in India but spread to China, S.E, Asia and japan

36
Q

Buddhism - Major beliefs

A

The four noble truths:
- All life is suffering
- Suffering is caused by desires
- Way to eliminate suffering is to eliminate desires
- Fallow the 8 fold path to overcome desires

Buddha is called the enlightened one because through meditation he descovered the “four noble truths”
- He is the founder of Buddhism
- Real name is Siddhartha Gautama an Indian Prince

37
Q

Confusionism - Location

A

China

38
Q

Confusionism - Major beliefs

A

the 5 relationships:
Social order is vital
- ruler - subject
- husband - wife
- older - younger
- father - son
- Friend = friend

Education is the road to advancement in society

39
Q

filial piety

A

Respect for elders

40
Q

the 5 relationships:

A
  • ruler - subject
  • husband - wife
  • older - younger
  • father - son
  • Friend = friend
41
Q

Judaism - Locaton

A

Israel

42
Q

Judaism - Major beliefs

A
  • Monotheism
  • Ten commandments written in the Torah
43
Q

Jerusalem

A

Holy city

44
Q

Diaspora

A

forced from homeland

45
Q

Christianity - Location

A

Began in palistine; spread throughout the roman empire and Europe

46
Q

Christianity - Major beliefs

A
  • Monotheism
  • jesus
  • Faith leads to heaven
47
Q

Islam - location

A

Arabian peninsula

48
Q

Islam - Major beliefs

A

5 Pilar’s of Islam:
- Faith in one god
- Fast during Ramadan
- Hajj to Mecca
- Charity
- Pray 5x a day

Mohammad:
The prophet - he was given Allah’s final message to spread, established control over Arabian peninsula, future leaders create Islamic empire throughout the middle east by going to jihad

  • Koran = holy book
49
Q

5 Pilar’s of Islam:

A
  • Faith in one god
  • Fast during Ramadan
  • Hajj to Mecca
  • Charity
  • Pray 5x a day
50
Q

Mohammad

A

The prophet - he was given Allah’s final message to spread, established control over Arabian peninsula, future leaders create Islamic empire throughout the middle east by going to jihad

51
Q

Taoism
(founder and beliefs)

A
  • Lao Zi
  • Ying and yang
52
Q

The gupta empire

A

Came after the Mauryan empire - this empire existed from 321 BC - 185 BC. The Mauryan dynasty’s most famous leader was asoka. It had schools and libraries and asoka spread the Buddhist religion.

53
Q

How did Hinduism affect the society of the gupta empire

A

Most Indian people lived in small villages, where Hindu ideas about caste and family regulated society. Woman were increasingly excluded from participation in government

54
Q

What did the Gupta empire achomplish

A
  • Mathamatics (concept of zero and Arabic numerals)
  • Medicine (Used herbs and other remedies)
  • Architechture (Hindu temples were built and Buddhist architects)
  • Literature (fables and folk stories were written)
55
Q

Difine Patriarchal

A

Indian family’s were Patriarchal - the father or oldest male was the head of the household. Heads of families held great power.

56
Q

Tang and song dynasty’s achomplishments

A
  • The silk road
  • Moveable type of printing press
  • Magnetic compass
  • mechanical clocks
57
Q

Tang and song dynasty’s (each level of society)

A

1st –> Gentry:
- Wealthy landowners study confucian ideas. Some become civil servants

2nd –> Pesants
- Most Chinese are Pesants are farmers who work the land and live in small villages

3rd –> Merchants
- Lower status because they were wealthy off of the buying and selling the work of other people. Some bought land and educated children to join the gentry

58
Q

Byzantine empire

A

Eastern half of the Roman empire

59
Q

What was the capital of thee byzantine empire

A

Constantinople

60
Q

Orthodox Christian church

A
  • Christian church of the byzantine empire
  • Patriarch of Constantinople leads the entire church organization
  • priests can marry
  • pray to icons
  • originally part of the cristiann church of Rome
61
Q

What was the great schism

A

Christian church divides ito the Roman chuurch and eastern church

62
Q

What are some differences between the sunnis and the Shiites/shia

A

Sunnis:
- Caliph (successor) should be chosen by Muslim leaders
- The Caliph should be a religious leader
- Today 80% of muslims are sunni

Shiites/Shia:
- Caliph should be a descendant of muhammad
- Descendents are divinely inspired
- sunnis and Shia muslims have dominated each other at different times in different countries, such as Iraq

63
Q

Shintoism

A

Japanise religion that stresses love of nature, kami - spirits in nature

64
Q

Bushido

A

Samurai code of conduct

65
Q

The Tokugawa shogunate __________ Japan from the outside world

A

The Tokugawa shogunate isolated Japan from the outside world

66
Q

What’s a guild

A

A trade association (like a trade union) that maintains quality of goods, trains apprentices and controls prices

67
Q

Humanism

A
  • Studied the secular world
  • Focused on human achievements
  • examined the texts studied by the Greeks and Romans
68
Q

Bantu Migrations

A

Migration of Banyu speaking people - nomadic farmers - from West Africa throughout southern Africa spreading their language and iron technology

69
Q

Mansa Musa

A

A extremely wealthy man. His journey to meeca (Hajj) took over one year to complete. He traveled with thousands of people and camels. He dazzled people with mali’s wealth at each city or oasis he encountered. He gave gifts to local leaders and gave Charity to the poor.

70
Q

What is a guild

A

A trade association (like a trade union) that maintains quality of goods, trains apprentices and controls prices.

71
Q

English common law

A

law that is the same for all people; common law comes from the decisions of court cases

72
Q

Magna Carta

A

1215 document signed by king john a document that put limits on the king’s power, example the monarch must obey the law and that the monarch could not raise taxes without first consulting the lords and clergy

73
Q

Parliament

A

The lords and cleregy organized into a representative assembly. Kings needed to get funding with parlements approval, stregthening the assemblers power.

74
Q

Shang Dynasty

A

First dynasty

75
Q

Vasco de Gama

A

Traveled around Africa to India. Travelled from Portugal.

76
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

Led first voyage of ships to circumnavigate the globe

77
Q

Christopher columbus

A

Sailed the ocean and encountered the Americans

78
Q

Who did Hernando cortes conqor

A

The Aztecs

79
Q

who did Franciscoo Pizarro conqor

A

The Incas

80
Q

Mexico

A

Aztecs

81
Q

Peru

A

Incas

82
Q

why was Hernando cortes and Francisco Pizarro succsessful

A
  1. Spanish had armor horses and weapons
  2. Spanish allied with enemies of the Aztects and Incas
  3. Diseases brought by the Europeans killed millions of native Americans (smallpox)

Freshman year (5 decks)

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