Global Division

Question 1

European powers, particularly in the 16th to the 20th centuries,
established colonial territories and exploited the resources and
labor of the Global South for their own economic gain.

Answer 1

Colonialism and imperialism

Question 2

was characterized by unequal power
dynamics, cultural subjugation, and economic dependencies.
The Global South was forced into providing cheap raw
materials and labor to the Global North, while the Global North
imposed trade restrictions and maintained monopolistic
control over technological advancements (Rodney, 1972).

Answer 2

The colonial system

Question 3

During the colonial era, the Global North extracted vast
amounts of natural resources from the Global South, such as
minerals, agricultural products, and timber.

Answer 3

Exploitation of Natural Resources

Question 4

The Global North often imposes trade barriers and
protectionist policies that limit market access for products
from the Global South, while simultaneously flooding Global
South markets with subsidized goods (UNCTAD, 2019)

Answer 4

Unequal Trade Relationships

Question 5

hampers the industrial development
and diversification of economies in the Global South.

Answer 5

unequal trade relationships/dynamic

Question 6

The Global North also retains significant control over _____________ and ___________, which further
perpetuates economic disparities. Investment flows primarily
concentrate in the Global North, as investors from developed
countries seek higher returns and lower risks. This limits
investment opportunities in the Global South, hindering
economic growth and development (UNCTAD, 2021).

Answer 6

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Capital Flows

Question 7

The Global South faces challenges in providing access to
quality education, healthcare, clean water, and sanitation,
resulting in higher levels of poverty, malnutrition, and
disease. Limited social development opportunities hinder
social mobility and perpetuate intergenerational poverty
(World Bank, 2021).

Answer 7

Social and Political Inequalities

Question 8

This limits the ability of the Global South to shape global policies and
institutions to address their unique challenges and priorities.

Answer 8

Political Power Imbalances

Question 9

Institutions such as the United Nations Security Council, the
World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund reflect the
power dynamics of the post-World War I! era, with a
significant concentration of influence in the hands of the
Global North (Chan, Falkner, & Goldberg, 2019).

Answer 9

Political Power Imbalances

Question 10

It includes Australia, Canada,
Israel, Hong Kong, Macau, New
Zealand, Japan, Singapore, South
Korea, Taiwan, the United States
and all of Europe (including Russia).

Answer 10

Global North

Question 11

They are called the More
Economically Developed
Countries (MEDCs) because of
the stability of their economy and
they have a generally better
standard of living and quality of life.

Answer 11

Global North

Question 12

The Global South includes Asia
(with the exception of Japan, Hong
Kong, Macau, Singapore, South
Korea and Taiwan), Central
America, South America, Mexico,
Africa, and the Middle East (with
the exception of Israel).

Answer 12

Global South

Question 13

They are known as the Less
Economically Developed
Countries (LEDCs) and are
“poorer” compared to the
countries in the Global North.

Answer 13

Global South

Question 14

• Unstable government
• Poor economy [Low Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and low Human Development
  Index (HDI)]
• Contain citizens who have a poor standard of living and quality of life.

Answer 14

Factors why countries in the
south are considered LEDCs

Question 15

wealthy/developed countries primarily located in the ______?

Answer 15

northern hemisphere (the North)

Question 16

poorer/ developing
countries located mainly in the_____?

Answer 16

southern hemisphere (the South)

Question 17

nation with political ideologies and alliances with
the US and much of the Western world who preached for
Democracy and Capitalism.

Answer 17

First World

Question 18

the Communist bloc led by USSR (Union of
Soviet Socialist Republic) / Russia, China, and other states who
employed Marxist principles.

Answer 18

Second world

Question 19

the nonaligned states, the underdeveloped
nations, and states that have unstable political and economic
conditions.

Answer 19

Third World

Question 20

Coined by the French scholar Alfred Sauvy in 1952 to distinguish
the formerly colonized and presently neo-colonized societies of
Asia, Africa, and Latin America from the modernized “first” world
of capitalism and the modernizing “second” world of socialism.

Answer 20

Third world

Question 21

By the 1960s, __________ would become a central political
slogan for the radical left.

Answer 21

Third world

Question 22

was coined by states hoping to
navigate between the two poles of the Cold War, and ultimately
gave birth to the Non-Aligned Movement.

Answer 22

Third world

Question 23

the next term used for third world which refer to states that are previously categorized as part of the Third World who found themselves the necessity and the means to grapple with the economic realities at the demise of the Cold war era.

Answer 23

Developing world

Question 24

to ensure that they can attain the national development spurred by
Globalization and higher economic integration.

Answer 24

Challenges of the third world/developing world countries

Question 25

Thus, the term developing states came to be associated with
industrialization attempts by many Asian economies once dubbed
as __________ or the___________ like
Taiwan, Hong Kong and South Korea.

Answer 25

Asian Tigers or the NIC’s (Newly Industrialized Countries)

Question 26

The four countries of NIC

Answer 26

Taiwan, Hong Kong and South Korea.

Question 27

Published by a commission chaired by the former German Chancellor Willy Brandt.

Answer 27

Brandt report (1983)

Question 28

This report identified a North/South line (or Brandt line), and thus
popularized another term, namely ________

Answer 28

“The South”

Question 29

is a geographical convenience based on the fact that most of the
Poor World lie south of latitude 30° North.

Answer 29

The south

Question 30

It can be seen also that
the Global South has
embarked on an
unprecedented upward
trajectory.

Answer 30

Perspectives on the Divide

Question 31

It should be added also
that the term Global
south rids itself of the
negative political and
economic labeling that
Third World had before
as it is generally seen to
be more apolitical.

Answer 31

Perspectives on the Divide