Global Demography

Question 1

The global population, which stood at just over 2 billion in 1950, is _ billion today. … By contrast, the population of the developed world is expected to remain steady at around _ billion, with population declines in some wealthy countries.

Answer 1

The global population, which stood at just over 2 billion in 1950, is 6.5 billion today. … By contrast, the population of the developed world is expected to remain steady at around 1.2 billion, with population declines in some wealthy countries.

Question 2

is a statistical and mathematical study of the size, composition, spatial distribution of human population, and of changes overtime in these aspects through the operation of the five processes of fertility, mortality, marriage, migration and social mobility.

Answer 2

“Demography

Question 3

, “Demography is a statistical and mathematical study of the size, composition, spatial distribution of human population, and of changes overtime in these aspects through the operation of the five processes of fertility, mortality, marriage, migration and social mobility.

Answer 3

Donald J. Bougue,

Question 4

is the study of a population based on factors such as age, race, and sex. Governments, corporations, and nongovernment organizations use demographics to learn more about a population’s characteristics for many purposes, including policy development and economic market research.

Answer 4

Demographics

Question 5

is a process in which the proportions of adults and elderly increase in a
population, while the proportions of children and adolescents decrease. This process results in
a rise in the median age of the population. Aging occurs when fertility rates decline while life
expectancy remains constant or improves at the older ages.

Answer 5

Aging of population

Question 6

is defined as the number of live births per year per 1,000 midyear population.

Answer 6

Crude birth rate, sometimes referred to as birth rate,

Question 7

, is defined as the number of deaths per

year per 1,000 midyear population.

Answer 7

Crude death rate, sometimes referred to as death rate

Question 8

at a specific age is the average number of additional years a person of that age
could expect to live if current mortality levels observed for ages above that age were to
continue for the rest of that person’s life.

Answer 8

Life expectancy

Question 9

the movement of people across a specified boundary for the purpose of establishing a new or semi-permanent residence.

Answer 9

Migration

Question 10

the ratio between deaths and individuals in a specified population and during a particular time period: the incidence of deaths in a given population during a defined time period (such as one year) that is typically expressed per 1000 or 100,000 individuals: death rate an annual mortality rate of 15 deaths per 1000

Answer 10

Mortality rate

Question 11

Population studies help us to know how far the growth rate of the economy is keeping pace with the growth rate of population. If population is increasing at a faster rate, the pace of development of the economy will be slow. Rapid population growth reduces per capita income, lowers the standard of living, plunges the economy into mass unemployment and under employment, brings environmental damage and puts a burden on existing social infrastructure.

Answer 11

For the Economy:

Question 12

When population is increasing rapidly, the society is faced with innumerable problems. Shortages of basic services like, public health, water, electricity, transport and communications education, etc. arise. Along with these, problems of migration and urbanization are associated with the growing population which further leads to the law-and-order problem.

Answer 12

For Society (part of #4)

Question 13

Data relating to the present trend in population growth help the planners in formulating policies for the economic plan of the country. They are kept in view while fixing targets of agricultural and industrial products, of social and basic services like schools and other educational institutions, hospitals, houses, electricity, transport, etc.

Answer 13

) For Economic Planning:

Question 14

In under-developed countries, almost all social and economic problems are associated with the growth of population. These are migration and urbanization which lead to the coming up of shanty towns, pollution, drainage, water, electricity, transport, etc. in cities.

Answer 14

For Government leaders:

Question 15

Political parties are able to find out from the census data the number of male and female voters, their level of education, their age structure, their level of earning, etc. On this basis, political parties can raise issues and promise solutions in their election manifestos at the time of elections.

Answer 15

Political System:

Question 16

Reasons for Mortality Declines (few are dying)

Answer 16

1. Driven by improvements in public health, hygiene, improvements in nutrition
   
   2. Famine mortality declines due to improved food storage and transport
   3. Mortality declines in high income countries continued due to improved medicine addressing chronic and degenerative diseases
   4. Developing countries: historically rapid increases in life expectancy

Question 17

AGE DISTRIBUTION

Answer 17

1. Reductions in benefits of children from external sources, market or government reduce demand further
   
   2. Effect of contraceptives became controversial: European experience without contraception
   3. Evidence points to a mortality decline before a fertility decline

Question 18

IMPLICATIONS

Answer 18

Increased global population

 1. Fewer children lead to more opportunities for other activities and higher quality of children
 2. Mortality decline may lead to longer disabled years or longer disability free years
 3. Fiscal implications for aging populations lead to an increasing burden on the young or the taxpayer
 4. Migration will have modest effects
 5. Investment in developing countries won’t relieve fiscal pressures because smaller economies
 6. Aging population problems addressable

Question 19

addresses the reproductive processes, functions, and system at all stages of life. Reproductive health, therefore, implies that people can have a responsible, satisfying and safe sex life and that they have the capability to reproduce and the freedom to decide if, when and how often to do so.

Answer 19

Reproductive health

Question 20

is a condition in which the reproductive functions and processes are accomplished in a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being

Answer 20

Reproductive health

Question 21

embrace certain human rights that are already recognized in national laws, international laws and international human rights documents and other consensus documents.

Answer 21

. Reproductive rights

Question 22

is a state of physical, mental, and social well-being in relation to sexuality. It requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the possibility of having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of coercion, discrimination, and violence. Sexual health refers to healthy sexual development, equitable and responsible relationships and sexual fulfillment, and freedom from illness, disease, disability, violence, and other harmful practices related to sexuality.

Answer 22

Sexual health

Question 23

is all about bringing out equal rights for women

Answer 23

Feminism

Question 24

is about ensuring equal rights for everyone irrespective of their gender.

Answer 24

gender equality

Question 24

is about ensuring equal rights for everyone irrespective of their gender.

Answer 24

gender equality