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Contemp > Global City > Flashcards

Global City Flashcards

1
Q

an urban centre that enjoys significant competitive advantages and that serves as a hub within a globalized economic system Brenner, 1998)

A

Global City

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2
Q

Primary mode in the global economic network

A

Alderson and Beckerfield, 2004)

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3
Q

Created, facilitated, and enacted in strategic geographic locales according to a hierarchy of importance

A

Smith, 2003)

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4
Q

Important focal point for business, global trade, finance, tourism, and globalization to exist

A

(Sassen, 1994)

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5
Q

Pioneered the researches regarding the realm of a Global City

A

Friedman

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6
Q

Made a more solid and grounded attempt to carefully appraise and analyze the concept of Global City
Flow of information and capital

A

Saskia Sassen

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7
Q

Essential Traits of a Global City

A

Apparent presence of a variety of international financial services
Headquarter of multinational corporations
Existence of financial headquarters, stock exchange, and financial institutions
Domination of trade and economy of a large surrounding area
Major manufacturing centers
Decision-making powers
Center of new ideas and innovation in business, economics, culture, and politics
Global point of media and communication for global networks
Dominance of the national region with international significance
High employment in the services and information sector
High-quality educational institutions
Multi-functional infrastructure offering of the best legal, medical, and entertainment facilities
High diversity in language, culture, religion, and ideologies.

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8
Q

created the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC)
GaWC research bulletin

A

Jon Beaverstock, Richard Smith, and Peter Taylor

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9
Q

are ranked by their connectivity through four “advanced producer services” : accountancy, banking/finance, law, and advertising

A

GaWC Study

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10
Q

Countries are then labeled into 4 classifications:

A
  1. Alpha++ City -most integrated with the global economy
  2. Alpha+ City- highly integrated cities
  3. Alpha City- link major economic states and regions to the world economy
  4. Alpha – City- Economies are still on a higher scale but aren’t considered as highly integrated
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11
Q

The Three Key Tendencies of Global City

A

Concentration of wealth in the hands of owners, partners, and professions associated with the high-end firms in the system.
Growing disconnection between city and its regions.
Growth of a large marginalized population that has a very hard time earning a living in the marketplace defined by these high-end facilities.

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12
Q

A widening separation in the quality of life between a relatively small elite and a much larger marginalized population.
A growth of high-security gated communities and shopping areas.
Dramatically different graphs of median income for different socioeconomic group.

A

Observable features of modern urban life throughout much of the World

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13
Q

Created avenues for people to migrate

A

(Hall and Pain, 2006)

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14
Q

the study of human population – their size, composition and distribution across space – and the process through which populations change.

A

Demography

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15
Q

-Rising life expectancy-Can either strengthen or weaken the economy.

A

“Global population explosion”

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16
Q

population explosion
-Impacts economic development

A

Population momentum”

17
Q

Why fertility rate decreases?

A

The fertility decline in low income countries can be ascribed to a number of factors, including declines in infant mortality rates, greater level of educations and increased labor market opportunities among women, and the provision of family services. (Kelley 1988)

18
Q

Why infant and child mortality rate significantly decrease?

A

Infant and child mortality rate will continue to decrease due to the globally improved nutrition, public health interventions related to water and sanitation, and medical advances like the use of vaccines and antibiotics.

19
Q

Factors that affect life expectancy

A

Socio-Economic status
Quality and access of health systems
Economic wellbeing
Health behaviours
Employment
Social, genetic and environmental factors

20
Q

Central Thesis: That rapid population growth would lead to the exhaustion of resources (most importantly food).

A

Malthusian Theory

21
Q

Societies with large populations can take advantage of economies of scale and are better-equipped for trade.

A

Simon Smith Kuznets

21
Q

The prices of natural resources decline as growing populations make technological improvements to respond to their needs

A

Julian Lincoln Simon

22
Q

When population grows and puts pressure on food supply, people will learn to innovate to find solutions.

A

Ester Boserup

23
Q

human ingenuity can resolve any environmental or scoial issues that develop

A

Cornucopian theory

24
Q

birth rate=death rate, environment cause

A

zero papoulation growth

25
Q

4 stage model

A

demographic transition

26
Q

-Insist that a rapid increase in population size within a particular country or society, will eventually lead them to exhaust their resources or at least have a disproportionate amount of resources unable to accommodate the needs and demands of the large masses of people.

A

“Population Pessimists”

27
Q

-Argue that population growth helps revitalize a country’s economy by pressuring people to think of new ways to produce and manage things through technological innovation and collaboration, in order to create new solutions to problems like resource constraints.

A

“Population Optimists”

28
Q

It was based on empirical research showing that population growth by itself doesn’t effect economic performance. Other factors such as openness to trade, the quality of education and institutions determine whether economic progress can keep up with population expansion.

A

Population Neutralism:

29
Q

Demographic Factors that influence Globalization:

A

1.) Migration/ ”mixed cultures”, Multiculturalism
2.) Educational Convergence
3.) Competitiveness in The Global Job Market
4.) Transformation of the Traditional Workplace

30
Q

A PERSON WHO IS LIVING IN A COUNTRY OTHER THAN HIS OR HER COUNTRY OF BIRTH.

A

INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT

31
Q

THE ACT OF ENTERING A FOREIGN COUNTRY TO LIVE.

A

IMMIGRATING

32
Q

EMIGRATING IS THE ACT OF LEAVING A COUNTRY TO LIVE IN ANOTHER.

A

THE ACT OF LEAVING A COUNTRY TO LIVE IN ANOTHER.

33
Q

IS THE COUNTRY OF DESTINATION OF AN IMMIGRANT.

A

THE HOST COUNTRY

34
Q

THE COUNTRY OF ORIGIN OF AN EMIGRANT.

A

THE HOME COUNTRY IS

35
Q

ARE THE TOTAL NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS LIVING IN A GIVEN COUNTRY OR REGION.

A

STOCKS

36
Q

ARE THE MIGRANT ENTRIES AND EXITS OVER A GIVEN PERIOD

A

FLOWS

37
Q

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE NUMBER OF PERSONS WHO IMMIGRATE AND THE NUMBER OF PERSONS WHO EMIGRATE.

A

NET MIGRATION RATE

38
Q

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE NUMBER OF PERSONS WHO IMMIGRATE AND THE NUMBER OF PERSONS WHO EMIGRATE.

A

NET MIGRATION RATE

Contemp (7 decks)

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