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Glaucoma > Glaucoma Vol. 3 > Flashcards

Glaucoma Vol. 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the average lOP of the standard population?

A

15.5 mmHg (2.6 mmHg standard deviation)

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2
Q

How is corneal curvature related to lOP measurement?

A

Increased corneal steepness is related to higher lOP readings

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3
Q

What retinal vascular condition is associated with increased lOP and glaucoma?

A

Central retinal vain occlusion (CRVO)

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4
Q

What age is most commonly associated with pseudoexfoliation syndrome?

A

Age > 70

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5
Q

What is an important caveat in the treatment of lOP in patient with history of CRVO?

A

lOP in fellow eye must be kept as low as possible as well

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6
Q

What configuration of the iris is associated with pigment dispersion syndrome?

A

Posterior bowing of the iris (causing “reverse pupillary block)

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7
Q

How do visual field defects in normal-tension glaucoma tend to differ from those in POAG?

A

Visual field defects tend to be more focal, deeper, and closer to fixation

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8
Q

What condition is associated with wide fluctuation in lOP, especially after exercise or pupillary dilation?

A

Pigment dispersion syndrome

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9
Q

What condition is associated with elderly patient with history of mature cataracts who presents with pain, conjunctival hyperemia, and worsening vision.

A

Phacolytic glaucoma

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10
Q

What causes a Krukenberg spindle?

A

Aqueous convection currents and subsequent phagocytosis of pigment by corneal endothelium

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11
Q

What condition can Posner-Schlossman syndrome often be confused with?

A

Angle-closure glaucoma

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12
Q

Name 3 characteristics of the most common type of patient with pigment dispersion syndrome.

A
  1. White male 2. Myopia 3. Age 20 to 50
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13
Q

What condition is associated with increased risk of complications of hyphema due to increased lOP?

A

Sickle cell anemia

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14
Q

How is posterior bowing of the iris thought to cause increased lOP?

A

By increased contact of zonular fibers with the posterior iris surface, causing increased pigment release

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15
Q

What condition is associated with patient with increased IOP and small, khaki colored cells in the anterior chamber following a vitreous hemorrhage?

A

Ghost cell glaucoma

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16
Q

How long does it typically take for ghost cells to develop following vitreous hemorrhage?

A

1 to 3 months

17
Q

What causes phacoantigenic glaucoma?

A

Sensitization of patient’s own lens protein following surgery or trauma, resulting in granulomatous inflammation

18
Q

What is the most common cause of uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema (UGH) syndrome?

A

Malposition or rotated anterior chamber IOL (can also be caused by posterior IOL)

19
Q

What condition is associated with chronic inflammation, iris neovascularization, and recurrent hyphema?

A

UGH syndrome

20
Q

What is the most common cause of glaucoma in primary metastatic tumors or the ciliary body?

A

Direct invasion of the anterior chamber angle

21
Q

What is glaucomatocyclitic crisis? (Posner-Schlossmann syndrome)

A

Recurrent bouts of markedly elevated lOP and low-grade inflammation

22
Q

What is the typical gonioscopic finding or Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis?

A

Multiple fine vessels that cross the trabecular meshwork

23
Q

What type of cells block the trabecular meshwork in hemolytic glaucoma?

A

Hemoglobin-laden macrophages

24
Q

What type of cells block the trabecular meshwork in ghost cell glaucoma?

A

Degenerated RBCs

25
Q

What causes angle recession?

A

Tear in the ciliary body (usually between the longitudinal and circular muscle fibers)

26
Q

What type of glaucoma is associated with history of previous trauma?

A

Angle-recession glaucoma

27
Q

What is Schwartz-Matsuo syndrome?

A

Elevated lOP following rhematogenous retinal detachment

28
Q

What causes elevated lOP in Schwartz-Matzo syndrome?

A

Photoreceptor outer segments that reach the anterior chamber and block the trabecular meshwork

Glaucoma (3 decks)

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