Glaucoma Treatment

Question 1

Does closed angle glaucoma usually present as an acute or chronic condition?

Answer 1

usu. referred to as an acute condition but can be chronic

Question 2

Closed angle glaucoma is usually painful or painless?

Answer 2

painful

Question 3

What are contributing factors to one having closed angle glaucoma?

Answer 3

could be genetic

Question 4

Which type of glaucoma is considered a medical emergency?

Answer 4

closed angle glaucoma

Question 5

What is the major cause of closed angle glaucoma?

Answer 5

Due to block in Canal of Schlemm leading to decreased drainage

Question 6

Is open angle glaucoma usually acute or chronic?

Answer 6

chronic

Question 7

Is there a rapid rise or slow rise of IOP in open angle glaucoma?

Answer 7

slow rise

Question 8

If left untreated what can open angle glaucoma lead to?

Answer 8

blindness

Question 9

Open angle glaucoma is typically painful or painless?

Answer 9

painless

Question 10

What types of drugs are contraindicated in closed angle glaucoma?

Answer 10

anti-muscarinics and a1 agonists (the two that cause dilation which only exacerbates the problem)

Question 11

Which types of drugs are typically used to manage open angle glaucoma? Why?

Answer 11

B blockers - stops fluid production
PGF2a analogues - drain fluid

Question 12

Timolol MOA?

Answer 12

non-selective B blocker

Question 13

How does timolol treat glaucoma?

Answer 13

non - selective B blocker which stops production of aq humor

Question 14

Which types of drugs are typically used to treat closed angle glaucoma?

Answer 14

CAI

mannitol

B blockers

Question 15

MOA latanoprost.

Answer 15

PGF2a analogues

Question 16

How does latanaprost treat people with glaucoma?

Answer 16

can increase aq humor drainage through the uveoscleral pathway

Question 17

MOA apraclonidine.

Answer 17

Alpha - 2 agonist

Question 18

Benefit of using apraclonidine in treatment of glaucoma?

Answer 18

both decreases aqueous humor formation and increases fluid drainage

Question 19

MOA acetazolamide

Answer 19

CAI (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)

Question 20

How do you remember drugs considered CAI’s?

Answer 20

“zolamide” stem

Question 21

Benefit of using acetazolamide in glaucoma?

Answer 21

blocks carbonic anhydrase which decreases aqueous humor formation

main thing to use in closed angle glaucoma

Question 22

Pilocarpine MOA.

Answer 22

M receptor agonist

Question 23

How does pilocarpine benefit one with glaucoma?

Answer 23

activation of M receptors causes contraction of ciliary muscle, which increase flow through canal of Schlemm.