Chapter 2: Cholinergic Pharmacology Flashcards
MOA of hemocholinum.
blocks uptake of choline
MOA of botulinum toxin.
cleaves SNARE proteins involved in exocytosis of ACh
Xerostomia definition and why is this caused? (what is defective)
dry mouth
salivary glands don’t produce enough saliva
M1 and M3 correspond with what receptor pathway?
(what coupled pathway or second messenger pathway)
Gq coupled
increase phosphliase C > increase IP3, DAG, Ca2+
M2 goes through what coupled receptor pathway?
(what second messenger pathway in other words)
Gi coupled
dec. adenylyl cyclase > dec cAMP
Nn and Nm go through what G coupled receptor pathway?
trick question
no 2nd messengers
activation through opening of Na/K channels
Stem to remember muscarinic agonist
“chol”
Clinical use of bethanechol.
Rx: ileus (postop); urinary retention
Use of methacholine.
Dx: bronchial hyperactivity (challenge test)
Use of pilocarpine, cevimeline.
Rx: xerostomia, glaucoma (pilocarpine)
Stem to help you remember indirect acting cholinomimetics.
stigmine
Clinical use for edrophonium
Dx myasthenia gravis
Benefits to edrophonium typically being used as a diagnostic tool?
short acting
Clinical use of physostigmine?
Rx: glaucoma; antidote in atropine overdose
Why can physostigmine be used for atropine overdose? (characteristics that make it suitable)
tertiary amine
very lipid soluble
(readily enters CNS)
Neostigmine and pyridostigmine can be used for what?
ileus, urinary retention, myasthenia gravis, reversal of non depolarizing NM blockers
Characteristics of neostigmine and pyridostigmine that do not make it suitable for atropine overdose?
Quaternary amine so cannot enter CNS
Donepezil clinical use.
Rx - Alzheimers