Glaucoma

Question 1

What is IOP considered for glaucoma?

Answer 1

Normal 8-20

Glaucoma >21 mmHg

Question 2

What is open angle glaucoma?

Answer 2

Most common form glaucoma

Overtime, the drainage area of aqueous humour becomes clogged ~ build up of pressure

Bilateral, painless, asymptomatic, insidious in onset

Risk factors: female, older age, fam hx glaucoma, ocular HTN

Can have irreversible ∆ to peripheral & central vision if not treated

Question 3

What is closed angle glaucoma?

Answer 3

Where you have obstruction (ciliary body is touching the lens) & blocking flow of aqueous humour

Ocular EMERGENCY, severe eye pain, sudden onset, HA, halos of light, blurred vision, N/V

Primary ~ no reason

Secondary ~ mass or hemorrhage

Question 4

How do you diagnose glaucoma?

Answer 4

IOP >21 mmHg

Fundoscopy ~ cupping of optic disc, vertical elongation optic disc

Visual field testing

Question 5

How do you treat glaucoma?

Answer 5

1) Increase flow out of eye
- topical cholinergic (pilocarpine)
- topical PG (latanoprost)

2) Decrease production of aqueous humour
- topical BB (timolol)

3) surgery ~ trabeculoplasty ~ opens trabecular mesh work or laser peripheral iridotomy