Glaucoma

Question 1

Define glaucoma

Answer 1

common, complex, and multifactorial disease in which the flow of aqueous
humor in the eye is impeded by a gross or microscopic intraocular abnormality, the IOP increases to values
incompatible with normal neural function, and the
optic nerve and retina are terminally injured

Question 2

Define primary glaucoma

Answer 2

breed-related
(presumably inherited) condition in which typically
middle-aged dogs develop increased IOP in the
absence of other antecedent ophthalmic disease.

Question 3

What’s the success rate for tx of primary glaucoma?

Answer 3

low. Tx is usually
unsuccessful and results in a nonvisual and painful
globe. Even with hypotensive treatment, dogs with primary
glaucoma are likely to lose vision in the affected
eye within 12 months.

Question 4

Define secondary glaucoma

Answer 4

high IOP can be ascribed to 1 or more identifiable primary intraocular diseases that impede aqueous humor flow within and from the eye.

Question 5

What are causes of secondary glaucoma?

Answer 5

primary lens dislocation (luxation or subluxation),
acute or chronic anterior uveitis, intraocular
cysts, intumescent cataract formation (phacomorphic
glaucoma), hyphema, intraocular neoplasia, and
ocular melanosis (pigmentary glaucoma)

Question 6

what is Phacoemulsification?

Answer 6

cataract surgery technique that uses ultrasonic vibrations to break up the cloudy lens (cataract) inside the eye

Question 7

What were the two most frequent immediate antecedent causes of secondary glaucoma in dogs in this study?

Answer 7

Nonsurgical anterior uveitis and lens dislocation.

Question 8

According to the study, what percentage of dogs with anterior uveitis went on to develop secondary glaucoma?

Answer 8

17%

Question 9

T/F: a dog genetically predisposed to primary glaucoma can develop secondary glaucoma earlier or with a milder primary insult

Answer 9

T