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Dental Materials > Glass Ionomers > Flashcards

Glass Ionomers Flashcards

1
Q

What are 4 advantages of glass ionomers?

A
  1. Biocompatible
  2. Fluoride release
  3. Inherent (chemical) adhesion to tooth structure
  4. Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) similar to tooth structure
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2
Q

What are some disadvantages of glass ionomers?

A
  1. Sensitive to moisture and desiccation
  2. Low fracture toughness
  3. Low flexure strength
  4. Low wear resistance
  5. Relatively poor esthetics
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3
Q

What are some indications of glass inonomers?

A
  • Class 5 restorations
  • Root caries
  • Class 3 restorations (resin modified version)
  • Tunnel preparations
  • Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) - Spoon out caries, thumb in FUJI to control caries
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4
Q

What are some indications of glass ionomers?

A
  • Luting agents
  • Liners
  • Caries control
  • Core block-out
  • Occlusal sealant
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5
Q

What are some contraindications of GI?

A

Stress bearing areas in permanent teeth

  • Class 1, 2, and 4
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6
Q

What are the 2 types of basic GI?

A
  1. Conventional GI
    - traditional acid-base reaction
  2. Resin-modified (RMGI)
  • acid-base reaction
  • light and/or chemical
  • free-radical polymerization
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7
Q

What is the composition of a conventional GI?

A
  1. Powder

2. Liquid

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8
Q

What was the goal of creating RMGI?

A
  • Attempt to combine benefits of GI and Composites

GI: F release, chemical adhesion

Composite: Strength, esthetics

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9
Q

What was the goal to reduce when creating RMGI?

A
  • Attempt to reduce

GI: hydration sensitivities, delayed set, poor early strength

Composite: Polymerization shrinkage, microleakage, recurrent caries

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10
Q

List the following restorative materials from softest to hardest:

RMGI
Compomers
Composites
Glass Ionomers

A
  1. GI
  2. RMGI
  3. Compomers
  4. Composites
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11
Q

Is initial F release from RMGI rapid or slow?

A

Rapid!

However, slow long term release from particle

Does not take part in matrix formation

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12
Q

Does F release in RMGI decrease its physical properties?

A

No!

Amount of F release is similar for both conventional and RMGI

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13
Q

How many days does the initial burst of F last from RMGI?

A
  • High early release

1-2 days

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14
Q

Describe the F release pattern from RMGI after the initial burst during the first 1-2 days?

A
  • Sustained low levels
  • F reservoirs
  • Uptake and re-release
  • Can uptake topical fluoride and fluorides from tooth paste
  • Only a fraction of initial F level
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15
Q

What are the effects of the F release from RMGI in the mouth?

A
  • F levels are elevated in the saliva
  • Enhancement of remineralization
  • Incorporated into tooth structure
  • Effective zone around restorative margin, up to 7.5 mm in enamel
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16
Q

How does F effect bacteria?

A
  • Reduced bacterial metabolism
  • Reduce acid production
  • Reduced bacterial growth
17
Q

What do studies show about the clinical efficacy of F releasing materials?

A

Equivocal

No conclusive, overall evidence of caries reduction when comparing glass ionomers versus controls

18
Q

Do some studies suggest that RMGI has a role to play in caries reduction in the xerostomic patient?

A

Yes!

19
Q

How does conventional GI bond to tooth structure?

A

Bond with Ca 2+ of hydroxyapatite

20
Q

What is the pulpal response to RMGI?

A

Favorable!

  • Large molecules: limited tubule ingress
  • Buffering of dentinal fluid
  • Relatively weak acid - initial high acidity
21
Q

What is a major advantage of RMGI?

A

Adhesion!

Minimizes microleakage

Antimicrobial activity

22
Q

What are the 3 applications of GI?

A

Type 1: Luting cements

Type 2: Restorative

  • Esthetic restoratives
  • Reinforced restoratives
  • Condensable/metal modified

Type 3: liners/sealants

23
Q

What are some examples of Type 1 luting cements?

A
  • Ketac Cem
  • Rely X
  • FUJI I

Resin modified (RMGI)
- greater strength
- less moisture sensitivity
less soluble

24
Q

Is cementing Empress crowns with a RMGI cement a good idea?

A

No!

GMRI cannot support, empress flexes too much

25
Q

What are some examples of Type 2 materials?

A

Conventional:

  • Ketac-Fil
  • FUJI II (GC)
  • Glassionomer Type II (Shofu)

RMGI:

  • FUJI II LC
  • Vitremer
  • Fuji Filling
  • Ketac Nano
26
Q

What are some advantages of using RMGI liners in the “open sandwich” technique?

A
  • Good for posterior composites when gingival margins are in dentin
  • Reduced microleakage, reduce gap formation
  • FUJI II LC can be used for this
27
Q

What are some indications for Condensable Type 2 Conventional GIs?

A
  1. Provisionalization
  2. Pediatric Restoration
  3. Atraumatic Restorative Treatment
    - Field Dentistry
    - Hand instrumentation
28
Q

What is an example of a Metal-Modified Glass Ionomer (Type 2)?

A

Ketac Silver!

  • Amalgam alloy mixed with powder
  • Improved handling
  • Improved radiopacity
  • F release (similar or slightly less than conventional)
  • Improved wear resistance
29
Q

What are indications for Metal-Modified GI (Type 2)?

A
  • Non stress bearing areas
  • Core build-ups
  • Caries control
  • Provisionals
  • Atraumatic Restorative Treatment
30
Q

What is an example of a RMGI liner?

A

Vitrebond!

31
Q

Do studies support post-operative sensitivity reduction when using Vitrebond under composite?

A

No!

No difference with or without liner

32
Q

11/12 studies show what in regards to clinical performance with liners under posterior composites?

A
  • No difference in clinical performance!

“There is insufficient evidence to generally recommend cavity lining or the use of any specific liner based on their antibacterial effects”

33
Q

If you use GI as a liner or base for ceramic inlay/onlay restorations…is this a good idea?

A

No!

  • Use of glass ionomer liner or base has twice the failure rate!
34
Q

What are some indications for sealant (Type 3)?

A
  • Pre-cooperative children
  • Partially-erupted permanent molars
  • Example: FUJI Triage
35
Q

Does research support a difference between RMGI sealants versus resin based sealants?

A

No!

Neither material superior in preventing dental caries

36
Q

What types of restorations would you want to cement with luting cements?

A
  • Metal and metal-ceramic restorations
  • Reinforced all-ceramic restorations
  • Metal posts
37
Q

What is the “go to” cement for posts…

A

Relyx Unicem

Is a self adhesive

Dental Materials (9 decks)

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