Glass Ionomer/Amalgam/Clinical Photos Flashcards
Do you use phosphoric acid to etch Glass ionomer?
No
What are the 4 components of glass ionomer?
Polycarboxylic acid
FAS glass
Water
Tartaric acid
Does the etch used for glass ionomer unplug the dentinal tubules?
no
Is the bond for glass ionomer mechanical, chemical or physical?
Chemical
- Improved esthetics and handling characteristics
- Complex setting reactions-classic GI acid-base reaction as
well as a light activated resin polymerization. Some have
an additional chemical-cure reaction and can set in the
absence of light. - Fuji II LC, Vitremer Restorative Material, Ketac Nano,
Geristore
Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers
-Polyacid-modified composite resin
(Dyract). Light-polymerized composite resin
restoratives, modified to contain ion-leachable glass
particles and anhydrous polyalkenoic acid. Have
decreased in use due to development of Type II
GI/RMGI that have more favorable characteristic.
Compomer
Relatively new resin with pre-reacted glass-
ionomer (PRG) particles. The particles are made of
fluorosilicate glass that has been reacted with
polyacrylic acid prior to being incorporated into the
resin. (Shofu Beautifil)
Giomer-
Used at a thickness of no more than
o.5mm under either an amalgam or composite
restorative material. Seals deep dentin exposed during
caries removal (Vitrebond Plus, Fuji Liner)
Cavity Liner-
Advantages
– Radio-opaque
– Adhesion
– Fluoride release
– Quick set for finishing i.e. primary molars
* Disadvantages
– Weaker than resin
– No significant improvement in characteristics or
longevity over other RMGIC
Type 2 reinforced restorative cements
Advantages
*Useful in high caries risk patients due
to fluoride release
*Adequate esthetics
*Low polymerization shrinkage
*Excellent retention
Disadvantages
*Shade matching not equal to
composite resin
*Low compressive strength
* Indications
– Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) and root caries
– Base to replace dentin
– Block out undercut or void- not recommended for core
build-up
– Primary dentition-small class I or class II
– Permanent dentition-open sandwich or closed sandwich
– Interim therapeutic restoration or sedative filling
* Contraindications
– Load bearing areas-Class IV, II, large I
– Areas where esthetics is extremely important
Type 2 reinforced restorative cements
Do GI need to be recharged w fluoride?
Yes
➢ Bulk fill
➢ Non-sticky, packable
➢ No polymerization shrinkage/stress
➢ Optimal marginal seal for resistance to micro-
leakage/discoloration
➢ High fluoride release
➢ High resistance to wear/erosion
➢ 8 shades- I recommend choosing one shade darker if using
on the gingival 1/3. If the tooth is A2, choose A3.5.
Equia Forte
the placing of
glass ionomer cement as an
intermediate layer between the tooth
structure and a resin based composite
restorative material; this restoration
design combines the adhesion and
fluoride-releasing nature of a glass
ionomer cement with the esthetic
quality and durability of a resin-based
composite.
Sandwich technique-
indications for _____:
When any part of the
gingival margin of the class
II or class V preparation has
been extended past the
CEJ, and no longer has a
cavo-surface of enamel
OPen sandwich technique
Do you light cure resin modified glass ionomer?
Yes
Advantages of ______
Minimizes gap formation at margin due to
shrinkage of the composite resin
Less technique sensitive than composite resin
systems
Fluoride release provides anti-cariogenic
environment
Useful for class II and class V restorations
Use in moderate and high risk for caries
Sandwich technique
Advantages of _____
Minimal cavity preparation required (ART, Sealants)
Adhesion to enamel and dentin
Fluoride release, recharging, possible caries inhibition
Minimal shrinkage
Excellent marginal seal
Low solubility
Good esthetics
Excellent tissue compatibility
Glass ionomer
Disadvantages of ____
Lower resistance to wear
compared to amalgam/resin
Lower bond strengths
compared to resin
Shades sometimes not ideal
for highly esthetic areas
Glass ionomer
About how much mercury does amalgam have?
42-50%
What are the 3 forms of mercury?
Organic
Elemental
Inorganic
Most toxic form
Fungicides, fish, water
When taken up by fish, bioaccumulates up the food web.
95% GI absorption
Lipid soluble, uniform distribution throughout body tissues
Toxicity: neurological damage
Most large scale poisonings, organic Hg
Organic mercury
Liquid metal
Vaporizes easily, passes through membranes, skin, and blood brain barrier
Little or no oral or GI absorption
Lungs absorb vapor
Can have toxic CNS effects with breathing lots of vapor
Occurs through inhalation in occupational setting or mercury spills in poorly ventilated area
Used in dentistry
Elemental mercury
Compounds used extensively in industry
Mercuric chloride, bromide, sulfate, nitrate
Least toxic form
3. GI absorption poor
4. Mercuric ions concentrate in kidneys, acute toxicity renal necrosis
5. Water soluble, environmental water pollution
Inorganic mercury
Dental amagams and mercury vapor is ___ m ercury
Elemental mercury
Who is most at risk in a dental office for mercury exposure?
Dental staff
Is mercury allergy common?
no less than 1% of population
Leading anti-amalgamist
Diagnosed “mercury toxicity” in all pts, even some without amalgam restorations
Recommended extraction of any teeth with root canal therapy
Lost dental license
Hal Huggins
Is there any methyl mercury in dental amalgams?
No
How is mercury best measured?
Urine
What is the % of overall environmental mercury release that comes from dentistry?
<1%
What are the 3 amalgam waste devices used in dental office?
Charside trap
vacuum filter
Amalgam separator
What is the problem with central amalgam separators?
Prophy paste causes system clots
For full face photos, what do you use (aperture)?
F8.00
For intraoral photos, what do you use (aperture)?
F22
