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bio adm > Glandele endocrine > Flashcards

Glandele endocrine Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Din ce sunt formate glandele endocrine?

A

epitelii secretorii

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2
Q

Ce secreta antrul piloric?

A

gastrina

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3
Q

Ce secreta duodenul?

A

hh cu rol in reglarea activ secretorii si motorii a aparatului digestiv (colecistokinina)

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4
Q

Ce secreta rinichiul?

A

renina (enzima) si eritropoietina

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5
Q

Care este princpalul rol al glandelor endocrine?

A

reglarea metabolismului celular

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6
Q

Cat cantareste hipofiza? Ce diametru are?

A

1,3 cm, 500mg

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7
Q

Ce reprezinta lobul intermediar al hipofizei?

A

lama epiteliala aderenta de lobul posterior

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8
Q

Ce stimuleaza STH?

A

hh tiroidieni si gonadici

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9
Q

Ce face STH la nivelul oaselor?

A

condrogeneza la niv cartilajelor diafizoepifizare (metafizare), determinand cresterea in lungime a oaselor

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10
Q

Cum se manifesta majoritatea efectelor STH?

A

indirect, prin factori de crestere numiti somatomedine

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11
Q

Ce produce STH dupa pubertate?

A

ingrosarea oaselor lungi si dezvoltarea oaselor late,cresterea uschilor si a viscerelor

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12
Q

Ce compusi se retentioneaza prin actiunea STH?

A

Ca, K, N, P Na

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13
Q

Ce rol are hh mamotrop?

A

stimuleaza secretia lactata a glandei mamare

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14
Q

`Ce inhiba prolactina?

A

activitata gonadotropa

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15
Q

De cine este stimulata secretia de prolactina in afara sarcinii?

A

stres fizic si psihic, hipoglicemie, somn efort

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16
Q

Ce stimuleaza hh adrenocorticotrop?

A

creste c sangvina de glucocorticoizi si sexosteroizi, mai putin mneralocorticoizi (indicrect). melanogeneza direct

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17
Q

ce determina Hsecretia de tireostimulina?

A

hipertiroidism, boala basedow

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18
Q

Ce efecte are FSH?

A

b; dezvoltarea tubilor seminiferi si spermatogeneza

f; cresterea si maturarea folicullui graaf, productia de estrogeni

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19
Q

Ce rol are LH?

A

b; stimularea secretiei de androgeni de catre celulele interstitiale testiculare Leydig
f; ovulatia si aparitia corpului galben, a carui secretie de estrogen si progesteron o stimuleaza

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20
Q

Ce secreta lobul intermediar al hipofizei?

A

hh melanocitostimulant

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21
Q

Unde sunt secretati vasopresina si oxitocina?

A

in hipotalamusul anterior

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22
Q

Ce rol are vasopresina?

A

resterea absorbtiei faultative a apei la nivelul tubilor distali si colectori ai nefronului

23
Q

ce seretii reduce ADH?

A

secretiile glandelor exocrine

24
Q

Ce rol are oxitocina?

A

stimuleaza contractia uterului gravid, contractia celulelor mioepiteliale care inconjoara alveolele

25
Q

Din ce puncte de vedere sunt diferite portiunea medulara si corticala a suprarenalei?

A

anatomic, embriologic, functional

26
Q

Ce natura au hh secretati de corticosuprarenala? Din ce sunt sintetizati?

A

lipidica, din colesterol

27
Q

Ce rol are aldosteronul in metabolismul saruilor minerale??

A

in metabolismul sarurilor minerale, determina reabsorbtia Na in schimbul K si H pe care ii excreta in tubii uriniferi distali si colectori, producand kaliurie si acidurie

28
Q

Ce roluri principale are aldosteronul?

A

mentinerea presiunii osmotice a mediului intern si a volumului sangvin, precum si echilibrul acido-bazic

29
Q

Cum circula prin sange glucocorticoizii?

A

legati de proteine plasmatice

30
Q

Ce rol au sexosteroizii la barbati?

A

cresterea barbii si mustatilor, dezvoltarea laringelui, ingrosarea vocii, dezvoltarea scheletului si a amasei musculare

31
Q

Ce rol au sexosteroizii la femei?

A

dezvoltarea glandei mamare, depunerea lipidelor pe solduri si coapse

32
Q

Cum se numesc hh secretati de medulosuprarenala?

A

catecolamine

33
Q

De ce natura e loja tiroidei?

A

natura fibroasa

34
Q

Ce proprietati are coloidul tiroidei?

A

e un material omogen, vascos

35
Q

Care este forma de depozit al hh tiroidei?

A

tireoglobulina

36
Q

Ce natura are tireoglobulina?

A

proteica

37
Q

Ce rol au hormonii tiroidieni?

A

cresc metabolismul bazal, consumul de E, au rol in procesele morfogenetice de crestere si diferentiere celulara si tisulara

38
Q

Ce efect eu hh tiroidieni asupra MI glucidic?

A

hiperglicemie

39
Q

Ce rol au hh tiroidieni asupra MI lipidic?

A

hipocolesterolemiant

40
Q

Ce rol au hh tiroidieni asupra MI proteic?

A

catabolism

41
Q

Ce rol are calcitonina?

A

ajuta la fixarea Ca in oase (hipocalcemiant)

42
Q

Aspra cui actioneaza PTH?

A

osuli, rinichiului, tractului digestiv

43
Q

Ce vitamina e controlata de PTH?

A

d

44
Q

Ce determina PTH?

A

hipercalcemie si hipofosfatemie

45
Q

Ce face insulina si nu ac alti hh?

A

efect anabolizant, hipoglicemiant

46
Q

Unde este localizata epifiza?

A

inte tuberculii cvadrigemeni superiori

47
Q

Ce efecte au extractele de epifiza?

A

metabolice in met lipdic, glucidic, proteic, mineral

48
Q

Ce secreta epifiza?

A

vasotocina si melatonina

49
Q

Cand are timusul rol de glanda endocrina?

A

in prima parte a ontogenezei, pana la pubertate

50
Q

Ce roluri au extractele de timus?

A

franeaza dezvoltare gonadelor, stimuleaza mineralizarea osoasa, opreste mitozele

51
Q

Cine determina involutia timusului?

A

hh steroizi0000

52
Q

Din ce este format lobul timic?

A

celule reticulare intre care se gasesc timocite

53
Q

Ce sunt timocitele?

A

celule hematoformatoare priordiale (stem) migrate din maduva si transformate in celule limfoformatoare de tip C

bio adm (9 decks)

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