Glaciation Flashcards
Formation of a corrie, 10 marks
- Frost shattering on North
- Neve glacial ice slides
- Plucking deepens hollow
- Abrasion deepens hollow
- Rotational movement creates armchair with lip
- Corrie lochan, Coire Cas
Named example for a corrie
Coire Cas
Formation of an arête, Ten Marks
- Frost shattering on North
- Neve glacial ice slides
- Plucking deepens hollow
- Abrasion deepens hollow
- Rotational movement creates armchair with lip
- Two corries form side by side.
Formation of a pyramidal peak, Ten Marks
- Frost shattering on North
- Neve glacial ice slides
- Plucking deepens hollow
- Abrasion deepens hollow
- Rotational movement creates armchair with lip
- Three corries form side by side. Eg. Matterhorn.
Named example for a pyramidal peak
The Matterhorn
The formation of a U-shaped valley, Ten Marks
- Existing v-shaped valley
- Freeze-thaw
- Plucking
- Abrasion
- Steep sides, wide floor
- U-shaped, eg. Glen Coe
- Freeze thaw leaves scree
Formation of a hanging Valley, 10 marks
- Existing v-shaped valley
- Freeze-thaw
- Plucking
- Abrasion
- Steep sides, wide floor
- U-shaped, eg. Glen Coe
- Freeze thaw leaves scree
- Tributary rivers/glaciers
- Less vertical erosion
- Cut off
Ribbon loch, Ten Marks
- Existing v-shaped valley
- Freeze-thaw
- Plucking
- Abrasion
- Steep sides, wide floor
- U-shaped
- Freeze thaw leaves scree
- Different rocks make basin
- Filled with water, eg. Loch Avon
Named example for a U-shaped valley
Glencoe
Named example for a ribbon loch
Loch Avon
The formation of a terminal Moraine, 8 marks
- Ridge at snout
- Erosion x 3, transport x 3
- Longer time - higher
- Small to 40m
- Push moraine
- Recessional moraines
- Trapped lochs, eg. Corrie an Lochan in Cairngorms
Named example for a trapped loch by terminal Moraine
Corrie an Lochan
Formation of an esker, 8 marks
- Ridges of sorted rock, horizontally layered by water
- Sub-glacial tunnels, parallel to glacier flow
- Attrition
- Larger rocks upstream
- Glacier leaves ridge
Formation of a drumlin, 8 marks
- Small oval hills, little water - angular
- Glacial till forms under the glacier
- Dumped sediment
- Short stoss, long lee
- Parallel groups i.e. Swarms
- May be reshaped
Abrasion, process of erosion, 2 mark
Rocks caught in the ice grind against the valley floor like sandpaper, smoothing and deepening it
Plucking, process of erosion, two marks
The glacier freezes on to rocks in the valley side and then pulls them off as it moves downhill under the force of gravity, wearing away and steepening the sides
Freeze thaw, process of erosion, two marks
Water in the rocks expands and contracts as it freezes and thaws, weakening it and creating cracks which can then allow pieces of rock to be broken off
