glaciated landscape LAKE DISTRCIT (valley glacier)

Question 1

geology

Answer 1

3 main types of rock group can be found in the lake district

Skiddaw Slates- The rocks in these groups are the oldest in the Lake District, they were formed as black muds and sands settling on the sea bed about 500 million years ago.
typically smooth. The type of rocks tend to be found mainly in the north and the mountains they form are

Borrowdale Volcanics- the rocks found in this group are found in the central Lake District and they consist of very hard lava and ash formed in major eruptions 450 million years ago which have coped with erosion and make up the highest mountains such as Scafell, Helvellyn and Great Gable.

Windermere series- sedimentary mudstones, sandstones, siltstones and some limestone formed in the sea 420 million years ago.There are also other significant individual geologies. About 400 million years ago over 400 millions masses of granite were intruded deep below the Lake district.

Question 2

glaciation

Answer 2

• Glaciation at the lake district is described to be extremely complex. There have been multiple glaciations occurring in the last 400,000 years or so, all of which have left a mark on the the landscape especially the erosional landforms.
• The current landscape of the lake district comes from the results of glaciation during the Pleistocene period over that period over 20 glaciations occurred.
  -However, some of these depositional landforms that are seen in present day are the result of the most recent phase of glaciation named the Loch Lomond Stadial which took place between 12,880 and 11,500 years ago, this was a brief period of glacial re-advance in upland Britain

Question 3

depositional landforms

Answer 3

• There are many drumlins field located in the lake district formed as ice moved radially in all directions from south Lancashire east into north yorkshire and northwest to the Solway firth. These drumlins lie on carboniferous rocks and range from 50 to 125 metres high
• Many of the lake district valleys contain moraines deposited during glacial retreat which was about 11,000 years ago.
• Erratics are also common in the Lake District. Some of them are from Scotland while others are more local in origin. A significant number of erratics from the Borrowdale Volcanics group in the centre of the Lake District have been transported about 30km southeast and deposited on carboniferous limestone at Witherslack.

Question 4

erosional landforms

Answer 4

• The Lake District consists of many erosional landforms, stretching all the way from Corries to truncated spurs. The Helvellyn Range, an 11 km long ridge that is over 600 metres in height with numerous glacial landforms. The summit of the Helvellyn itself, which lies 950 metres above sea level is often seen to be an example of a pyramidal peak.
• Corrie glaciers formed and reoccupied corries from earlier glaciations, moving downslope from under gravity into the nearby valleys, allowing valley glaciers to form.