GIT Portions

Question 1

Oral cavity glands + consistency produced

Answer 1

• Zygomatic
• Parotid - serous
• Sublingual - mucus
• Mandibular - both

Question 2

Oesophagus Layers (out to in)

Answer 2

• serosa - connective tissue
• tunica muscularis - longditudinal + circular muscles = peristalysis
• submucosa - blood + lymphatics and elastic + collagen fibres
• mucosa - non keratinized stratified squamous = glands for lubrication

Question 3

Stomach layers (out to in)

Answer 3

• muscularis externa - muscles
• submucosa - protection
• mucosa - gastric glands and pits

Question 4

Stomach sections (monogastric)

Answer 4

• cardia
• pyloric
• fundic
• body

Question 5

peritoneum structures that support stomach (x4)

Answer 5

• greater omentum - stomach to duodenum
• lessere omentum - stomach to liver
• gastrophlenic ligament - stomach to diaphram
• gastrosplenic ligament - stomach to spleen

Question 6

SI layers (out to in)

Answer 6

1. Serosa
2. Subserosa
3. Muscularis propria
4. Tunica propria
5. Mucosa - villi

Question 7

LI layers (out to in)

Answer 7

Muscular layers
1. Serosa
2. Tunica muscularis
3. Submucosa
4. mucosa

Question 8

SI sections + functions

Answer 8

1. Duodenum - secrete mucus + bile
2. Jejunum - absorb sugar, fatty acid, amino acid
3. Ileum - absorb bile, vitamin

Question 9

Pancreas exocrine cells name

Answer 9

acini

Question 10

Pancreas endocrine cells name

Answer 10

Pancreatic islets of Langerhaans

Question 11

LI Ceacum function

Answer 11

digest cellulose by microflora (hindgut fermenters)

Question 12

Liver hepatocytes functions

Answer 12

synthesis of bile
synthesis of blood
storage

Question 13

which artery supplies blood to the pancreas

Answer 13

splenic artery

Question 14

name of connective tissue that separates pancreas lobes

Answer 14

septae

Question 15

three portions of colon

Answer 15

1. ascending
2. transverse
3. descending

Question 16

colon layers (out to in)

Answer 16

1. serosa
2. tunica muscularis
3. submucosa
4. mucosa

Question 17

liver function

Answer 17

removal of toxins from blood

Question 18

what does the liver store

Answer 18

glycogen, vitamins (A + B12 + K + D), minerals (Fe + Cu)

Question 19

What does the liver produce

Answer 19

bile, enzymes, hormones, cholesterol, tryglycerides

Question 20

liver functions

Answer 20

protein digestion - amino acids = energy
fat digestion - breakdown fat = energy
carb metabolism - maintain blood glucose
synthesis
storage - vitamins, minerals, carbs
immunity - kupffer cells = break down red blood cells

Question 21

peritoneal cavity structure and function

Answer 21

serous membrane = lining of abdominal cavity
composition = mesothelium + layer of connective tissue
function = support + gives blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves

Question 22

main artery that supplies foregut

Answer 22

celiac artery

Question 23

main vein that drains foregut

Answer 23

hepatic portal vein

Question 24

duodenum function

Answer 24

secretes mucous and fluids
bile duct
pancreatic duct

Question 25

jejenum and illeum function

Answer 25

absorbs nutrients and water

Question 26

ileocaecoclic junction function

Answer 26

between illeum and ascending colon

Question 27

peritoneum function

Answer 27

serous membrane, lining of abdominal cavity

Question 28

mesentary structure and function

Answer 28

double lining of peritoneum, connects internal organs to body wall blood + lymphatics + nerves to internal organs

Question 29

lesser omentun vs greater omentum

Answer 29

lesser = stomach + proximal duodenum to Liver greater = stomach + proximal duodenum to proximal colon + proximal mesocolon

Question 30

name of artery that gives blood supply to midgut and hindgut

Answer 30

cranial/caudal mesenteric artery

Question 31

3 main abdominal muscles

Answer 31

internal abdominal poblique transverse abdominal oblique external abdominal obnlique

Question 32

inguinal ring structure + function

Answer 32

connective tissue opening between abdominal muscles and their aponeurosis male = spermatic cord female = round ligament

Question 33

artery that gives blood supply to abdominal wall

Answer 33

cranial/caudal superficial epigastric artery

Question 34

list endocrine glands

Answer 34

pituitary, ovary, testes, hypothalamus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas