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Systemic path pharm > GIT Pharm > Flashcards

GIT Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Therapeutic uses of antacid?

A

Relief of heartburn, dyspepsia, and in GERD

Prevention of stress-induced ulcer

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2
Q

Name 4 Antacids

A

NaHCO3 , CaCO3, Mg(OH)2 , Al(OH)3

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3
Q

2 mechanism of action of antacids

A

Protect gastric mucosa by neutralising HCl to form salt and water

Inactivating pepsin

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4
Q

Name3 adverse effects of antacids?

A

Mg - Diarrhea
Al - Constipation + phosphate excretion

Gastric acid rebound secretion

Systemic effects
Sodium compounds may cause sodium overload, alkalosis on long term usage

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5
Q

Na Antacids are contraindicated in which group of patients?

A

heart failure

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6
Q

Ca Antacids are contraindicated in which group of patients?

A

renal failure - Ca Phosphate precipitate

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7
Q

Antacids DDI

A

may affect absorption and gastrointestinal transit of many drugs –> oral ketoconazole, isoniazid, digoxin etc…

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8
Q

How to reduce DDI with antacids and other medication

A

advice patient to take the antacids 2-3h before or after other medications

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9
Q

Name four Histamine type 2 receptor blockers

A

famotidine, nizatidine, ranitidine, cimetidine

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10
Q

Name 3 therapeutic uses of H2 antagonists

A

Peptic ulcers, reflux esophagitis, GERD

ZE syndrome (gastrinoma) - tumor in pancreasa or duodenum - gastrin hypersecretion

prevention of stress-induced ulcer

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11
Q

H2 antagonist mechanisms of action

A

competitively, reersibly blocks histamine stimulation of gastric acid secretion by reducing cAMP - attenuate protein kinases stimulation on H+K+ ATPase (proton pump)

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12
Q

When to take H2 antagonist?

A

Night time

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13
Q

How are H2 antagonist mainly excreted by?

A

Liver

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14
Q

adverse effects of H2 antagonist

A

constipation and headaches, more rarely, agitation

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15
Q

Name 3 adverse effects of Cimetidine

A

Headache, mental confusion in elderly, bowel movement disturbance

Antiandrogenic: impotence, gynecomastia

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16
Q

DDI of cimetidine?

A

Metabolising enzyme inhibitor of CYP450 (2D6, 1A2) increasing plasma concentration of e.g. anti-depressants, warfarin, theophylline, paracetamol, caffeine

17
Q

Name 4 PPIs

A

omeprazole, esomeprazole, dexlansoprazole, rabeprazole

18
Q

name four therapeutic uses of PPIs

A

peptic ulcer treatment and maintenance therapy
prevention of NSAID-induced ulcers and stress ulcers
treatment of GERD
ZE- syndrome and other gastrinomas

19
Q

MOA of PPI

A

Inhibits proton pump … Smile crying emoji

Systemic path pharm (2 decks)

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