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Cartography & Geodesy > GIS and LiDAR Questions > Flashcards

GIS and LiDAR Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Pick up the correct definition from the following with response to GIS.

a. Common boundary between two areas of a locality is known as adjacency.

b. The area features which are wholly contained within another area feature, is known as containment.

c. The geometric property which describes the linkage between line features is defined as connectivity.

d. All of these.

A

d. All of these.
(examveda: elements of remote sensing)

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2
Q

Which one of the following statements is not correct?

a. GIS technology contains analytic capabilities for overlaying maps 1

b. GIS technology is a tool box for processing maps and

fundamental concepts for spatial measurement

c. GIS technology is the same as traditional mapping

d. GIS technology is capable to study the environmental surroundings

A

c. GIS technology is the same as traditional mapping
(indiabix)

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3
Q

By ‘spatial data’ we mean data that has:

a. Complex values
b. Positional values
c. Graphic values
d. Decimal values

A

b. Positional values

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4
Q

Pick up the correct statement from the following:

a. Topology describes the geometric characteristic of objects which do not change under transformations and are independent of any coordinate system

b. Topological characteristics of an object are independent of scale measurement

c. The three elements of topology are adjacency, containment, and connectivity

d. All of these.

A

d. All of these.
(examveda)

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5
Q

Key components of spatial quality include:

1 Positional accuracy
2. Temporal accuracy
3. Lineage and completeness
4. Logical consistency

a 1,2,3,4
b. 1, 2, 3 only
c. 1 3, 4 only
d. 1, 2, 4 only
e. 1, 4 only

A

a 1,2,3,4

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6
Q

Descriptive text used to label map features stored either as a simple text element in the map, or as a feature class in a geodatabase.

a. label
b. metadata
c. database
d. annotation

A

d. annotation
(esri: what is arcmap)

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7
Q

The 7-bit (128 characters) used as a computer’s alphabet.

a. TXT
b. ASCII
c. CSV
d. Delimited Text

A

b. ASCII

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8
Q

What does the acronym ASCII stand for?

a. American Standard Characters Information Index b. American Standard Code for Information Index

c. American Standard Code for Information Interchange

d. American Standard Characters Interchange Index

A

c. American Standard Code for Information Interchange

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9
Q

An expression that can be reduced to a true or false (logical) condition.

a. Boolean expression
b. Mathematical expression
c. Conditional expression
d. True or false expression

A

a. Boolean expression

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10
Q

A map consisting of areas of equal value separated by abrupt boundaries.

a. Isopleth map
b. Hotspot map
c. Thematic map
d. Choropleth map

A

d. Choropleth map
(besavilla?)

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11
Q

A spatial adjustment process that aligns features along the edge of one layer to features of an adjoining layer. The layer with the least accurate features is adjusted, and the adjoining layer is used as the control.

a. Edgematching
b. Georeferencing
c. Geocoding
d. Feature aligning

A

a. Edgematching
(esri)

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12
Q

An editing process that separates a multipart feature into its component features, which become independent features.

a. Slice
b. Split
c. Explode
d. Divide

A

c. Explode

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13
Q

A collection of geographic features with the same geometry type (such as point, line, or polygon), the same attributes, and the same spatial reference.

a. Shapefile
b. Geodatabase
c. Database
d. Feature class

A

d. Feature class
(esri)

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14
Q

A map displaying the distribution of an attribute in terms of lines connecting points of equal value.

a. Isopleth
b. Choropleth
c. Contour
d. Aphylactic

A

a. Isopleth
(besavilla)

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15
Q

The process of reducing details on a map because of a reduction in map scale. The process can be semi-automated for certain kinds of data, such as topographical features, but requires more insight of the thematic maps.

a. Projection
b. Generalization
c. Rubbersheeting
d. Querying

A

b. Generalization

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16
Q

A drone is considered an aircraft.
*True
* False

A

*True

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17
Q

The LMB ______ recognizes UAS as one of the instruments that may be used in the conduct of land survey.
* Memorandum Circular (LMC) No. 2017-003
* LMB Technical Bulletin No. 2 Series of 2017

A
  • Memorandum Circular (LMC) No. 2017-003
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18
Q

The LMB __________ contains standards and guidelines needed in the implementation of the LMC.
* Memorandum Circular (LMC) No. 2017-003
* LMB Technical Bulletin No. 2 Series of 2017

A

Memorandum Circular (LMC) No. 2017-003

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19
Q

______ type of UAV is preferred in surveying larger areas.
a. Fixed-wing
b. VTOL
c. Quadcopter
d. Octocopter

A

a. Fixed-wing

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20
Q

The ___ technique requires multiple, overlapping photos as input to feature extraction of 3D reconstruction algorithms using bundle adjustment procedures.
* SfM (Structure-from-Motion)
* Stereopair

A
  • SfM (Structure-from-Motion)
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21
Q

Refers to the perception of depth and 3D structure associated with binocular vision.
* Stereopair
* Stereopsis
* Stereoscopic depth

A
  • Stereopsis
  • Stereoscopic depth
22
Q

UAS mapping research show that forward overlaps of ___% yield accurate mapping results.
* 50
* 70
* 80

A
  • 80
23
Q

UAS mapping research show that side-laps of ___% yield accurate mapping results.
* 50
* 70
* 80

A
  • 70
24
Q

Flight plans should be referenced to ____ datum, which is the same datum used by UAS for navigation.
* PRS92
* WGS84
* Luzon1911

A
  • WGS84
25
Q

An orthophoto is a:
a. black and white aerial snapshot
b. 3D perspective view of terrain
c. radar reflectance image
d. photographic image with uniform scale throughout

A

d. photographic image with uniform scale throughout

26
Q

Traditional photogrammetry relies on ____ for aerial triangulation to general supplementary photo-control points while UAV photogrammetry uses numerous identifiable ground _____ matched by software to rectify the aerial images.

a. GCPs; points
b. GCPs; features
c. maps; GCPs
d. maps; features

A

b. GCPs; features

27
Q

VTOL means:
a. Vertical Take-over and Lay-off
b. Vertical Take-off and Layover
c. Vertical Take-off and Landing

A

c. Vertical Take-off and Landing

28
Q

Small UAVs have take-off weights for mapping purposes from ______ kgs and are equipped with non-metric digital camera in the ______ megapixel range.

a.1 to 5; 10 to 16
b. 1 to 6; 10 to 15
c. 5 to 10; 1 to 16
d. 1 to 10; 5 to 16

A

a.1 to 5; 10 to 16

29
Q

The SfM technique incorporates two automatic feature-matching algorithms, namely:

a. Multi-view Stereopsis (MvS)
b. Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT)
c. Scale Variant Feature Transform (SVFT)
d. Multi-view Stereophotogrammetry (MvS)

A

a. Multi-view Stereopsis (MvS)
b. Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT)

30
Q

This is utilized to validate UAS products by using a network of ground validation points with highly-accurate 3D coordinates determined by established terrestrial surveys methods.

a. GCPs
b. LiDAR
c. Test Bed

A

c. Test Bed

31
Q

UAS consists of the following except:

a. UAV
b. Payload (GNSS/RTK receiver)
c. Communication link
d. Dedicated software (for mission planning, command and control, and recovery)
e. None of the above

A

e. None of the above

32
Q

Who is in-charge in calibrating and registering UAS that will be used for land surveying pursuant to Section 22, DAO No. 2007-29?

a. NAMRIA
b. LMB-GSD
c. DENR -LMS

A

b. LMB-GSD

33
Q

As part of survey returns, hardcopy of ortho-image covering the entire project shall be printed on paper not exceeding _______.

a. 50 x 50 cm
b. 60 x 60 cm
c. 54 x 54 cm

A

c. 54 x 54 cm

34
Q

What is the meaning of IVAS?

a. Inspection, Validation and Acceptance of Survey

b. Inspection, Verification and Approval of Survey

c. Inspection, Verification and Acceptance of Survey

d. Inspection, Validation and Approval of Survey

A

b. Inspection, Verification and Approval of Survey

35
Q

Resolution in aerial photography is measured as _______.

a. Ground Sample Distance (GSD)
b. Pixel Resolution
c. Swath width

A

a. Ground Sample Distance (GSD)

36
Q

The following inputs are required to generate a UAV flight plan, except:

a. area to be mapped, outlined by a polygon

b. flying height

c. camera geometry (focal length and sensor dimensions)

d. forward overlap and side-lap

e. none of the above

A

e. none of the above

37
Q

In validating UAV data, more ground control points (scattered around the area being mapped) permit more accurate results.

a. true
b. false

A

a. true

38
Q

The coordinates of GCPs should be connected to either NAMRIA or DENR-LMS stations, referenced to WGS84 or PRS92 Datum using either electronic total station of by differential GNSS to an accuracy less than ____ cm.

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3

A

b. 2

39
Q

The GCPs are _____ identified on the images.
* manually
* automatically

A
  • manually
40
Q

_____ is used to generate a surface model in the form of polygon mesh/TIN or in raster format.
* Sparse point cloud
* Dense point cloud

A
  • Dense point cloud
41
Q

LIDAR mapping technology is capable of collecting elevation data with an accuracy of 15 cm and horizontal accuracies within 1/1000th of the flight height.

True
False

A

True

42
Q

In order toachieve accuracies, LIDAR systems do not rely on the Global Positioning System (GPS) and an inertial reference system (IRS).

True
False

A

False

43
Q

Which of the following types of sensors uses a highly focused beam of light?

a. Laser
b. Side-looking radar
c, Lidar
d. Sonar

A

c, Lidar

44
Q

A kinematic airborne GPS system locks on to at least four navigation satellites and registers the spatial position of the aircraft.
* True
* False

A
  • True
45
Q

The control stations must be within 30 to 40 km of the project area. In some cases, the base station is set adjacent to the aircraft at takeoff and landing.
* True
* False

A

True

46
Q

If one control point is closer to the project site than the other, then it is expected that there will be slight differences in the two DGPS trajectory solutions.
* True
* False

A
  • True
47
Q

A cross flight line is a line that is _____________ to and intersects the job flight lines.

a. parallel
b. perpendicular
c. tangent
d. similar

A

b. perpendicular

48
Q

Who defined classification points for LiDAR?

a. American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS)

b. International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS)

A

a. American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS)

49
Q

What is the public file format for LiDAR data?

a. JPEG
b. TIFF
c. LAS
d. LAZ

A

c. LAS

50
Q

What is the public file format for compressed LiDAR data?

a. JPEG
b. TIFF
c. LAS
d. LAZ

A

d. LAZ

51
Q

Research showed that LiDAR technology has been around since:

a. 2000s
b. 1980s
c. 1960s
d. 1990s

A

c. 1960s

Cartography & Geodesy (8 decks)

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