giolittian era 1900-1913

Question 1

what was the grand trasformismo?

Answer 1

joining all parties together to make one big one, in Giolittis case it was joining catholics, socialists and nationalists with the liberals

Question 2

how many seats did the socialists win in the 1900 election?

Answer 2

32 seats

Question 3

who was king umberto I killed by in 1900?

Answer 3

anarchists

Question 4

when was the non intervention policy?

Answer 4

1903

Question 5

what were the benefits of non intervention policy?

Answer 5

less loss of life and violence, less resentment towards government, more blame on the employer, less military intervention, cheaper for gov not to intervene

Question 6

what were the problems with non intervention policy?

Answer 6

employer doesn’t receive back up from government so more likely to vote not libs, small chance of revolt if strikes properly organised

Question 7

when was the Orlando law?

Answer 7

july 8 1904

Question 8

what did the Orlando law consist of?

Answer 8

compulsory education extended to 12 years of age, concerted effort to defeat illiteracy began as communes obliged to provide instruction for illiterates among adults

Question 9

what was a consequence of the Orlando law?

Answer 9

school attendance in Sicily rose from 54% in 1901 to 73% in 1906

Question 10

when was the CGL formed?

Answer 10

1906

Question 11

why was the formation of the CGL a problem for the liberal government?

Answer 11

because it drew workers to vote for socialism as they were doing more to protect workers rights than the government was

Question 12

when was the nationalist party formed?

Answer 12

1910

Question 13

when did Italy invade Libya?

Answer 13

October 4th 1911

Question 14

how long did Libya take for Italy to conquer it and how much money was spent?

Answer 14

13 months and £30million

Question 15

why did the Italian government feel they had to invade Libya?

Answer 15

wanted to improve international status and please nationalists

Question 16

why were socialists angry about Libyan war?

Answer 16

because they were pacifist and believed the 30 million that was spent could’ve gone to higher wages or other reforms and war was not good enough excuse to spend that much

Question 17

why would the Libyan war make socialists more maximalist?

Answer 17

the government spent 100million more than intended on war, Giolitti got pressured by nationalists to go into war and listened to them over socialists so isolated them

Question 18

did Libya please nationalists completely?

Answer 18

no because it had no natural resources to improve economy and took them longer than expected so it was a bit of a humiliation

Question 19

how did Libya damage Italy’s foreign policy?

Answer 19

Italy in triple alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary, Germany didn’t agree with Italy invading as they were allies with Ottoman Empire but Italy invaded anyway

Question 20

how did the Libyan war damage Giolittis ideas of a grand trasformismo?

Answer 20

because it damaged Giolitti’s attempt to win over moderate socialists and catholics

Question 21

when did Giolitti expand the voting franchise and why?

Answer 21

1912 after Libya, in reward for victorious spillers in Libya campaign

Question 22

how did Giolitti expand the franchise?

Answer 22

increased electorate from 3 million to 8.5 million, anyone who had completed military service could vote, literate men at 21 and all men at 30

Question 23

what was the Gentiloni pact?

Answer 23

liberals secretly getting catholics to throw support behind liberal politicians in order for libs to win 1913 election

Question 24

what was the cause of the Geniloni pact?

Answer 24

libs lost support of socialists after Libyan war, socialists now a huge and increased threat due to expanded franchise

Question 25

what were the consequences of the Gentiloni pact?

Answer 25

many anti clerical liberals now campaigning against Giolitti so split his party up, made socialists more maximalist and dangerous, destroyed the idea of grand trasformismo because nationalists also angry about it being a secretary and hated catholics too, Giolitti forced to resign as he lost his majority

Question 26

what were the 1913 election results?

Answer 26

liberal union- 318 seats
PSI- 78 seats
Radicals- 62 seats

Question 27

why has the socialists vote increased since 1900 election?

Answer 27

because the electorate has extended so more working class people can vote

Question 28

why has the radical vote increased since 1900 election?

Answer 28

industrial owners have turned towards radicals after non intervention policy meant government wouldn’t back them up during strikes