GIM 15 - Pharmacogenetics

Question 1

what is pharmacokinetics

Answer 1

What the body does to the drug

Question 2

what is pharmacodynamics

Answer 2

what the drug does to the body

Question 3

How can genetic variation affect pharmacokinetics

Answer 3

Absorption

Activation

Altered target

Catabolism (breakdown)

Excretion

Question 4

what does thiopurine methyltransferase do?

Answer 4

inactivates certain drugs

Question 5

what does azathioprine do

Answer 5

immunosuppressant used in organ transplantation and autoimmune disease

Question 6

what does TPMT do to 6-mercaptopurine

Answer 6

inactive 6-mercaptopurine

Question 7

what is the general mechanism which is used by liver enzyme

Answer 7

by acetylation

Question 8

how can SNP affect N-acetyltransferase

Answer 8

“Fast” and “slow” acetylators

Question 9

what is succinylcholine

Answer 9

relate to poison curare

Muscle relaxant used in anaesthesia ( can stop breathing)

Question 10

what gene can prolong the activity of succinylcholine

Answer 10

BCHE gene

Question 11

how can trastuzumab be benefited for patients with breast cancer

Answer 11

20% of breast cancers have over-expression of HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)

These patients benefit significantly from trastuzumab – a monoclonal antibody to the HER2 receptor