GI Tract in humans

Question 1

Propulsion

Answer 1

Tongue (swallowing)
Esophagus (Peristaltic contraction)
Stomach (Peristaltic Waves)
Large Intestine (Churns and propels slowly)

Question 2

Digestion - Mechanical breakdown

Answer 2

Tongue (Contributes to the formation of bolus)
Teeth (Mechanical breakdown)
Stomach (Mixes bolus to chyme)

Question 3

Organs: chemical breakdown of carbohydrates

Answer 3

Salivary Glands
Pancreas
Small intestine

Question 4

Organs: chemical breakdown of proteins

Answer 4

Stomach
Pancreas
Small intestine

Question 5

Organs: chemical breakdown of fats

Answer 5

Stomach
Liver and gall bladder
Pancreas

Question 6

Nutrient absorption

Answer 6

Tongue
Stomach (alcohol, aspirin)
Small intestine (monosaccharides, amino acids, di-peptides, tri-peptides, fatty acids, monoglycerides, nucleic acids, vitamins, ions, water)
Large intestine (water, electrolytes, vitamins)

Question 7

Substance: chemical breakdown of carbohydrates

Answer 7

Amylase (salivary glands, mainly pancreas - breakdown of big carbohydrates)
Dextrinase (small intestine - transform to monosaccharides)
Lactase (small intestine - breakdown lactose)

Question 8

Substance: chemical breakdown of proteins

Answer 8

Pepsins (Stomach)
HCl (Stomach - denatures proteins)
Peptidase (small intestine - peptides to amino acids)
Chymotrypsin (Pancreas - polypeptide to peptides)

Question 9

Substance: chemical breakdown of fats

Answer 9

Gastric Lipase (Stomach - emulsify)
Bile (liver and gall bladder - emulsify) 
Pancreatic Lipase (Pancreas - breakdown to fatty acids)

Question 10

Order of tissues

Answer 10

From the center:

• Lumen
• Epithelium
• Connective tissue
• Smooth muscle
• Connective tissue