GI Tract Flashcards
Esophagus function
carries food, liquids, and saliva to stomach
stomach function
stores food and mixes food with acidic secretions
small intestine function
digest food and absorb nutrients
large intestine function
absorb water from digested food and store feces
liver function
filter blood from GI tract, metabolize carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, and produce bile
gallbladder function
stores and concentrates bile produced by liver
pancreas function
endocrine gland secreting insulin and glucagon, exocrine gland secreting digestive enzymes to duodenum, secretes bicarbonate to neutralize the acidity of stomach contents
spleen function
filters blood of foreign material and produces bilirubin
cardiac sphincter
closes cardiac orifice, prevents material passed into stomach from reentering the esophagus
greater and lesser curvature locations
greater curvature- left side of stomach
lesser curvature- right side of stomach
parts of stomach
superior fundus, middle body, inferior pyloris
rugae
folds on mucous membrane of stomach
duodenum
first part of small intestine, large amount of digestion occurs here as digestive enzymes from pancreas and bile from liver are released here
plicae circulares
transverse folds in the duodenum
jejunum
wider, longer, thicker wall of small intestine
ileum
distal small intestine, connects to large intestine at ileocecal junction
cecum
proximal part of large intestine
vermiform appendix
attached to cecum
ascending colon
right side of abdomen from cecum
transverse colon
across abdomen from ascending colon
descending colon
left side of abdomen from transverse colon
sigmoid colon
large intestine passes into the pelvis
right colic flexure
where ascending colon becomes transverse colon
left colic flexure
where transverse colon becomes descending colon
4 lobes of the liver
right, left, quadrate, caudate
falciform ligament
separates right and left lobes of liver
ligamentum teres
thickened, inferior margin of falciform ligament, remnant of fetal umbilical cord
porta hepatis
allows for entry and exit of the hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein, and hepatic ducts
left and right hepatic ducts
drain bile from liver
common hepatic duct
right and left hepatic ducts together
cystic duct
joins common hepatic duct
common bile duct
common hepatic duct and cystic duct together
main pancreatic duct
begins in the tail of pancreas and runs length of organ to join common bile duct
hepatopancreatic orifice
opening to duodenum from common bile duct and main pancreatic duct
accessory pancreatic duct
branch of main pancreatic duct, opens into duodenum
