GI Tract

Question 1

Esophagus function

Answer 1

carries food, liquids, and saliva to stomach

Question 2

stomach function

Answer 2

stores food and mixes food with acidic secretions

Question 3

small intestine function

Answer 3

digest food and absorb nutrients

Question 4

large intestine function

Answer 4

absorb water from digested food and store feces

Question 5

liver function

Answer 5

filter blood from GI tract, metabolize carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, and produce bile

Question 6

gallbladder function

Answer 6

stores and concentrates bile produced by liver

Question 7

pancreas function

Answer 7

endocrine gland secreting insulin and glucagon, exocrine gland secreting digestive enzymes to duodenum, secretes bicarbonate to neutralize the acidity of stomach contents

Question 8

spleen function

Answer 8

filters blood of foreign material and produces bilirubin

Question 9

cardiac sphincter

Answer 9

closes cardiac orifice, prevents material passed into stomach from reentering the esophagus

Question 10

greater and lesser curvature locations

Answer 10

greater curvature- left side of stomach

lesser curvature- right side of stomach

Question 11

parts of stomach

Answer 11

superior fundus, middle body, inferior pyloris

Question 12

rugae

Answer 12

folds on mucous membrane of stomach

Question 13

duodenum

Answer 13

first part of small intestine, large amount of digestion occurs here as digestive enzymes from pancreas and bile from liver are released here

Question 14

plicae circulares

Answer 14

transverse folds in the duodenum

Question 15

jejunum

Answer 15

wider, longer, thicker wall of small intestine

Question 16

ileum

Answer 16

distal small intestine, connects to large intestine at ileocecal junction

Question 17

cecum

Answer 17

proximal part of large intestine

Question 18

vermiform appendix

Answer 18

attached to cecum

Question 19

ascending colon

Answer 19

right side of abdomen from cecum

Question 20

transverse colon

Answer 20

across abdomen from ascending colon

Question 21

descending colon

Answer 21

left side of abdomen from transverse colon

Question 22

sigmoid colon

Answer 22

large intestine passes into the pelvis

Question 23

right colic flexure

Answer 23

where ascending colon becomes transverse colon

Question 24

left colic flexure

Answer 24

where transverse colon becomes descending colon

Question 25

4 lobes of the liver

Answer 25

right, left, quadrate, caudate

Question 26

falciform ligament

Answer 26

separates right and left lobes of liver

Question 27

ligamentum teres

Answer 27

thickened, inferior margin of falciform ligament, remnant of fetal umbilical cord

Question 28

porta hepatis

Answer 28

allows for entry and exit of the hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein, and hepatic ducts

Question 29

left and right hepatic ducts

Answer 29

drain bile from liver

Question 30

common hepatic duct

Answer 30

right and left hepatic ducts together

Question 31

cystic duct

Answer 31

joins common hepatic duct

Question 32

common bile duct

Answer 32

common hepatic duct and cystic duct together

Question 33

main pancreatic duct

Answer 33

begins in the tail of pancreas and runs length of organ to join common bile duct

Question 34

hepatopancreatic orifice

Answer 34

opening to duodenum from common bile duct and main pancreatic duct

Question 35

accessory pancreatic duct

Answer 35

branch of main pancreatic duct, opens into duodenum