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Anatomy Second year > GI tract > Flashcards

GI tract Flashcards

1
Q

Structures of foregut

A 
eosophagus 
stomach
liver
pancreas 
duodenum (superior to bile duct)
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2
Q

What artery supplies the foregut

A

celiac trunk

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3
Q

name of stomach structure which controls exit of material

A

pyloric sphincter

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4
Q

celiac trunk origin vertable level

A

T12

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5
Q

Main branches of the celiac trunk

A

Left gastric artery
Hepatic artery
Splenic artery

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6
Q

left gastric artery supplies what

A

lesser curvature of the stomach

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7
Q

Hepatic artery supplies what

A

liver and gallbladder

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8
Q

Splenic artery supplies what

A

pancreas

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9
Q

Structures of midgut

A 
duodenum after the bile duct 
cecum
appendix
ascending colon
2/3 of transverse colon
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10
Q

what is the cecum

A

connects the large and small intestine. is part of colon

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11
Q

Names of the 3 parts of the small intestine

A

1st- duodenum
2nd- Jejunum
3rd- ileum

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12
Q

midgut blood supply

A

superior mesenteric artery

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13
Q

at what vertable level does the superior mesenteric artery branch from aorta

A

L1

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14
Q

structures of the hind gut

A 
left 1/3 of transverse colon
descending colon 
sigmoid colon 
rectum 
upper part of the anus

epithelium of urinary bladder and most of the urethra

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15
Q

hindgut blood supply

A

inferior mesenteric artery

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16
Q

at what vertable level does the inferior mesenteric artery branch from aorta

A

L3

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17
Q

What plane separates upper and lover abdominal quadrant

A

trans umbilical (horizontal line through umbilicus)

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18
Q

What plane separates the left and right abdominal quadrants

A

mid line

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19
Q

What plane separates the upper and middle abdominal regions

A

subcostal line ( horizontal line across bottom of rib cage)

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20
Q

What plane separates the middle and lower abdominal regions

A

transtubercular (crest of pelvis)

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21
Q

name abdominal regions going left to right starting at the top

A 
right hypochondrial
epigastric
left  hypochondrial
right lateral 
umbilical 
left lateral
right inguinal 
pubic
left inguinal
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22
Q

what plane splits left, middle and right abdominal regions

A

mid clavicular line

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23
Q

What dermatome is umbilicus in

A

T10

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24
Q

veritable level of umbilicus

A

L3-L4

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25
Q

layer of muscle of side of abdominal wall from outside in

A

external oblique
internal oblique
transverse abdominis

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26
Q

fibre direction of layers of muscle of side of abdominal wall

A

external oblique- inferomedial
internal oblique- supralateral
transverse abdominis- horizontal

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27
Q

muscle of front of abdominal wall

A

rectus abdominis

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28
Q

what lies between sections of rectus abdominis

A

intertendonous bands

29
Q

what covers rectus abdominis anteriorly

A

rectus sheath

30
Q

rectus sheath formed from what

A

external oblique
internal oblique
transverse abdominis

31
Q

centre tendon of rectus abdominis

A

linea alba

32
Q

what muscle acts on the linea alba

A

pyramidalis

33
Q

What vessels supply superior superficial anterior abdominal wall

A

superior epigastric arteries

34
Q

What vessels supply inferior superficial anterior abdominal wall

A

inferior epigastric arteries

35
Q

What vessels drain superior superficial anterior abdominal wall

A

superior epigastric veins

36
Q

What vessels drain inferior superficial anterior abdominal wall

A

inferior epigastric veins

37
Q

superior epigastric arteries arise from what

A

internal thoracic arteries

38
Q

inferior epigastric arteries arise from what

A

external iliac artery

39
Q

superior epigastric veins drain to what

A

internal thoracic vein

40
Q

Inferior epigastric veins drain to what

A

external iliac vein

41
Q

name of condition with varicose of superficial veins of the abdomen

A

caput medusa

42
Q

Superficial lymphatic drainage of the abdomen above the umbilicus drains where

A

axillary nodes

43
Q

Superficial lymphatic drainage of the abdomen below the umbilicus drains where

A

superficial inguinal nodes

44
Q

name of diaphragmatic opening at T8

A

caval opening

45
Q

name of diaphragmatic opening at T10

A

oesophageal hiatus

46
Q

name of diaphragmatic opening at T12

A

aortic hiatus

47
Q

what is the main vein running to the liver

A

portal vein

48
Q

what is the portal vein formed from

A

the merge of the splenic and superior mesentery vein

49
Q

what vein mergers with the splenic vein

A

inferior mesenteric vein

50
Q

Where are the 4 sites of portal-systemic anastomoses

A
  1. Left gastric vein with oesophageal vein
  2. Superior rectal vein with middle and inferior rectal veins
  3. Para umbilical vein with deep and superficial inferior epigastric vein
  4. Splenich vein with renal vein
51
Q

What is superior? renal artery or vein

A

renal artery (renal vein has larger lumen)

52
Q

tube connecting kidney to bladder is called what

A

ureter

53
Q

widest part of the ureter at the kidney is called what

A

pelvis

54
Q

is kidney intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

A

retroperitoneal

55
Q

define retroperitoneal

A

viscera is only covered by parietal peritoneum on one side. other side is imbedded in the posterior wall of the abdomen

56
Q

define intraperitoneal

A

viscera is completely cover in visceral peritoneum

57
Q

Where does the lesser sac lie

A

behind the stomach and liver

58
Q

other name for lesser sac

A

omental bursa

59
Q

what connects the greater and lesser sacs

A

Epiploic foramen

60
Q

Attachment points of greater omentum

A

greater curve of the stomach and anterior surface of the transverse colon

61
Q

Attachment points of lesser omentum

A

lesser curve of the stomach and liver

also small part of duodenum

62
Q

difference between omenta and mesentery

A

omenta connects stomach to viscera

mesentery connects viscera to abdominal wall

63
Q

what layer of peritoneum has best pain sensation

A

paritial peritoneum

64
Q

What is the transpyloric plane

A

Imaginary line between the jugular notch and pubic symphysis

65
Q

which rib in mid clavicular line is the gallbladder found

A

9th rib

66
Q

where can the spleen be found on the surface

A

between the 9th and 11th ribs in the mid axillary line

67
Q

what organ lies along the transpyloric line

A

pancreas

68
Q

location epiploic foreman

A

between liver and duodenum

Anatomy Second year (5 decks)

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