GI tract

Question 1

Structures of foregut

Answer 1

eosophagus 
stomach
liver
pancreas 
duodenum (superior to bile duct)

Question 2

What artery supplies the foregut

Answer 2

celiac trunk

Question 3

name of stomach structure which controls exit of material

Answer 3

pyloric sphincter

Question 4

celiac trunk origin vertable level

Answer 4

T12

Question 5

Main branches of the celiac trunk

Answer 5

Left gastric artery
Hepatic artery
Splenic artery

Question 6

left gastric artery supplies what

Answer 6

lesser curvature of the stomach

Question 7

Hepatic artery supplies what

Answer 7

liver and gallbladder

Question 8

Splenic artery supplies what

Answer 8

pancreas

Question 9

Structures of midgut

Answer 9

duodenum after the bile duct 
cecum
appendix
ascending colon
2/3 of transverse colon

Question 10

what is the cecum

Answer 10

connects the large and small intestine. is part of colon

Question 11

Names of the 3 parts of the small intestine

Answer 11

1st- duodenum
2nd- Jejunum
3rd- ileum

Question 12

midgut blood supply

Answer 12

superior mesenteric artery

Question 13

at what vertable level does the superior mesenteric artery branch from aorta

Answer 13

L1

Question 14

structures of the hind gut

Answer 14

left 1/3 of transverse colon
descending colon 
sigmoid colon 
rectum 
upper part of the anus 

epithelium of urinary bladder and most of the urethra

Question 15

hindgut blood supply

Answer 15

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 16

at what vertable level does the inferior mesenteric artery branch from aorta

Answer 16

L3

Question 17

What plane separates upper and lover abdominal quadrant

Answer 17

trans umbilical (horizontal line through umbilicus)

Question 18

What plane separates the left and right abdominal quadrants

Answer 18

mid line

Question 19

What plane separates the upper and middle abdominal regions

Answer 19

subcostal line ( horizontal line across bottom of rib cage)

Question 20

What plane separates the middle and lower abdominal regions

Answer 20

transtubercular (crest of pelvis)

Question 21

name abdominal regions going left to right starting at the top

Answer 21

right hypochondrial
epigastric
left  hypochondrial
right lateral 
umbilical 
left lateral
right inguinal 
pubic
left inguinal

Question 22

what plane splits left, middle and right abdominal regions

Answer 22

mid clavicular line

Question 23

What dermatome is umbilicus in

Answer 23

T10

Question 24

veritable level of umbilicus

Answer 24

L3-L4

Question 25

layer of muscle of side of abdominal wall from outside in

Answer 25

external oblique internal oblique transverse abdominis

Question 26

fibre direction of layers of muscle of side of abdominal wall

Answer 26

external oblique- inferomedial internal oblique- supralateral transverse abdominis- horizontal

Question 27

muscle of front of abdominal wall

Answer 27

rectus abdominis

Question 28

what lies between sections of rectus abdominis

Answer 28

intertendonous bands

Question 29

what covers rectus abdominis anteriorly

Answer 29

rectus sheath

Question 30

rectus sheath formed from what

Answer 30

external oblique internal oblique transverse abdominis

Question 31

centre tendon of rectus abdominis

Answer 31

linea alba

Question 32

what muscle acts on the linea alba

Answer 32

pyramidalis

Question 33

What vessels supply superior superficial anterior abdominal wall

Answer 33

superior epigastric arteries

Question 34

What vessels supply inferior superficial anterior abdominal wall

Answer 34

inferior epigastric arteries

Question 35

What vessels drain superior superficial anterior abdominal wall

Answer 35

superior epigastric veins

Question 36

What vessels drain inferior superficial anterior abdominal wall

Answer 36

inferior epigastric veins

Question 37

superior epigastric arteries arise from what

Answer 37

internal thoracic arteries

Question 38

inferior epigastric arteries arise from what

Answer 38

external iliac artery

Question 39

superior epigastric veins drain to what

Answer 39

internal thoracic vein

Question 40

Inferior epigastric veins drain to what

Answer 40

external iliac vein

Question 41

name of condition with varicose of superficial veins of the abdomen

Answer 41

caput medusa

Question 42

Superficial lymphatic drainage of the abdomen above the umbilicus drains where

Answer 42

axillary nodes

Question 43

Superficial lymphatic drainage of the abdomen below the umbilicus drains where

Answer 43

superficial inguinal nodes

Question 44

name of diaphragmatic opening at T8

Answer 44

caval opening

Question 45

name of diaphragmatic opening at T10

Answer 45

oesophageal hiatus

Question 46

name of diaphragmatic opening at T12

Answer 46

aortic hiatus

Question 47

what is the main vein running to the liver

Answer 47

portal vein

Question 48

what is the portal vein formed from

Answer 48

the merge of the splenic and superior mesentery vein

Question 49

what vein mergers with the splenic vein

Answer 49

inferior mesenteric vein

Question 50

Where are the 4 sites of portal-systemic anastomoses

Answer 50

1. Left gastric vein with oesophageal vein 2. Superior rectal vein with middle and inferior rectal veins 3. Para umbilical vein with deep and superficial inferior epigastric vein 4. Splenich vein with renal vein

Question 51

What is superior? renal artery or vein

Answer 51

renal artery (renal vein has larger lumen)

Question 52

tube connecting kidney to bladder is called what

Answer 52

ureter

Question 53

widest part of the ureter at the kidney is called what

Answer 53

pelvis

Question 54

is kidney intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 54

retroperitoneal

Question 55

define retroperitoneal

Answer 55

viscera is only covered by parietal peritoneum on one side. other side is imbedded in the posterior wall of the abdomen

Question 56

define intraperitoneal

Answer 56

viscera is completely cover in visceral peritoneum

Question 57

Where does the lesser sac lie

Answer 57

behind the stomach and liver

Question 58

other name for lesser sac

Answer 58

omental bursa

Question 59

what connects the greater and lesser sacs

Answer 59

Epiploic foramen

Question 60

Attachment points of greater omentum

Answer 60

greater curve of the stomach and anterior surface of the transverse colon

Question 61

Attachment points of lesser omentum

Answer 61

lesser curve of the stomach and liver also small part of duodenum

Question 62

difference between omenta and mesentery

Answer 62

omenta connects stomach to viscera mesentery connects viscera to abdominal wall

Question 63

what layer of peritoneum has best pain sensation

Answer 63

paritial peritoneum

Question 64

What is the transpyloric plane

Answer 64

Imaginary line between the jugular notch and pubic symphysis

Question 65

which rib in mid clavicular line is the gallbladder found

Answer 65

9th rib

Question 66

where can the spleen be found on the surface

Answer 66

between the 9th and 11th ribs in the mid axillary line

Question 67

what organ lies along the transpyloric line

Answer 67

pancreas

Question 68

location epiploic foreman

Answer 68

between liver and duodenum