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GI Final > GI terms > Flashcards

GI terms Flashcards

1
Q

Retching

A

peristalsis of stomach and esophagus conducted with a closed glottis

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2
Q

Rumination

A

chewing and swallowing of food that is regurgitated volitionally after meals

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3
Q

Eructation

A

espulsion of swallowed air… burping

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4
Q

singultus

A

hiccups

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5
Q

borborygmi

A

rumbling noise caused by propulsion of gas thorugh the intestines

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6
Q

Tenesmus

A

ineffectual and painful straining at stool

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7
Q

Encopresis

A

repeatedly having bowel movements in places other than the toilet after the age when that shouldn’t happen

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8
Q

Phlegmon

A

diffuse inflammation of the soft or connective tissue due to infection (acute pancreatitis)

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9
Q

MRCP

A

magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatopgraphy

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10
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatiography

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11
Q

EUS

A

endoscopic ultrasound

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12
Q

anasarca

A

general accumulation of serous fluid in various tissues and body cavities

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13
Q

SAAG

A

Serum-ascites albumin gradient= serum albumin minus ascitic fluid albumin

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14
Q

Pyrosis

A

substernal burning sensation…. heartburn

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15
Q

dyspepsia

A

postprandial epigastric discomfort

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16
Q

cholestasis

A

stoppage of bile flow

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17
Q

globus pharyngeus

A

foreign body sensation localized in the neck that does not interfere with swallowing and sometimes is releived by swallowing…..

  • often occurs in the setting of anxiety or obsessive compulsive disorders
  • often attributable to GERD
18
Q

senescence

A

the process of growing old

19
Q

Virchow node

A

intra-abdominal malignancy mets to left supraclavicular lymph node

20
Q

Sister mary joseph nodule

A

malignant intra abdominal neoplasm metastatic to the umbilicus

21
Q

Krukenberg tumor

A

gastric carcinoma mets to the ovary

22
Q

blumer shelf

A

a firm lump felt in the perirectal puch on rectal examination
-it is a rare physical finding in patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach

23
Q

Grey turner sign

A

flank ecchymosis secondary to intra-abdominal hemorrhage

24
Q

Cullen sign

A

ecchymosis around the umbilicus secondary to intra abdominal hemorrhage

25
Q

what does rebound tenderness mean

A

peritoneal inflammation

26
Q

Rosving’s sign

A

Pain in the RLQ during left-sided pressure- referred rebound tenderness seen in appendicitis

27
Q

McBurney’s Point

A

rebound tenderness or pain 1/3 of the distance from the ASIS to the umbilicus- may suggest appendicitis/peritoneal irritation

28
Q

Murphy sign

A

palpate deeply under right costal margin during inspiration and observe for pain and or sudden stop in inspiratory effort
-tests for acute cholecystitis or cholelithiasis

29
Q

Courvoisier’s sign

A

enlarged non-tender gallbladder secondary to pancreatic disease or cancer

30
Q

Iliopsoas muscle test

A

have the patient flex their hip against your resistance- incrased abdominal pain is a positive test
-this suggests irritation of the psoas muscle from inflammation of the appendix

31
Q

obturator muscle test

A

flex pts right hip and internally rotate, if it hurts, it’s from appendicits

32
Q

Trousseau sign

A

sign of tetany, inflate BP cuff and wrist flexes, sign of hypocalcemia

33
Q

Trousseau syndrome/sign of malignancy

A

migrating thrombophlebitis/DVT in respect to CA (pancreatic)

34
Q

Chvostek sign

A

tetany, tap of facial nerve and get facial twitching, sign of hypocalcemia

35
Q

Parasympathetics in the GI tract

A

Upper part from esoph thru transverse colon- OA, AA (vagus n.)
Lower part from descending colon to sigmoid to rectum- S2-4 (pelvic splanchnic n.)

36
Q

Appendix sympathetic

A

T12

37
Q

Esophagus sympathetic

A

T2-8

38
Q

Stomach sympathetic

A

T5-9

39
Q

Sympathetics to Liver and gallbladder

A

T6-9

40
Q

Sympathetics to small intestine

A

T9-11

41
Q

Sympathetics to colon

A

T10-L2

42
Q

Sympathetics to pancreas

A

T5-11

GI Final (13 decks)

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