Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

exam 3 GI system > GI system > Flashcards

GI system Flashcards

1
Q

enzyme that converts starch and glycogen into simple sugars

A

amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where is amylase commonly found

A

in saliva and pancreatic fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

high pitched bowel sounds that are above an obstruction

A

borborygymus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

audible swishing sound from blood volume changes

A

bruit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

endoscopic examination of entire large bowel

A

colonoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

epigastric burning sensation

A

dyspepsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

procedure where bile ducts, pancreatic ducts and gallbladder are seen through endoscopy

A

(ERCP) endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

visualization of small intestine

A

enteroscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

narrowing of esophageal opening

A

esophageal stricture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

visual exam of esophagus, stomach and duodenum with fiberoptic endoscope

A

EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

gas in lower gastrointestinal tract

A

flatulence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

diagnostic test that measures presence of blood in stool from gastrointestinal bleeding

A

gFOBT (guaiac-based fecal occilt blood test)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

blood in stool is a common finding associated with

A

colorectal cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

enzyme secreted by pancreas that facilitates breakdown of triglycerides into fatty acids

A

lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The ‘P’ in PQRST scale stands for

A

Palliative or precipitating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

endoscopic exam of rectum and sigmoid colon using flexible scope

A

sigmoidoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

fatty stools are called

A

steatorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

3D images of colon and rectum created by abdominal and pelvic scans

A

virtual colonoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the GI tract consists of

A

mouth
esophagus
stomach
small/large intestines
rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the GI system is formed when

A

salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas secrete substances into this tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

4 layers of GI tract inner wall( lumen)

A

mucosa
submucosa
muscularis
serosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the innermost layer of the GI tract lumen is the

A

mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the mucosa is surrounded by

A

the submucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

the submucosa is surrounded by

A

the muscularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

which layer of the GI tract lumen keeps contents moving

A

the muscularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

the outermost layer of the GI tract lumen is

A

the serosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

functions of the GI tract

A

secretion
digestion
absorption
motility
elimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what does the stomach secrete during digestion

A

hydrochloric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what does the liver secrete during digestion

A

bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what accessory organs release to aid in digestion

A

digestive enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

how many teeth do adults have `

A

32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

how many teeth are in the upper and lower arches

A

16 each

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what in saliva breaks down carbs

A

amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

primary function of esophagus

A

move food/fluids from pharynx to stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

the upper esophageal sphincter prevents what

A

air from getting into esophagus during respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

the lower esophageal sphincter prevents

A

reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

a non working lower esophageal sphincter can cause

A

GERD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

where is the stomach located

A

the midline and left upper quadrant of the abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

3 functional regions of the abdomen

A

fundus
body
antrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

narrow portion of the stomach below the gastresophageal junction

A

cardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

area nearest to the cardia

A

fundus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

main area of the stomach

A

body/corpus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

distal lower portion of the stomach

A

antrum (pylorus)b

44
Q

the antrum/pylorus is separated from the duodenum by the

A

pyloric sphincter

45
Q

the top end of the stomach is guarded by what sphincter

A

cardiac sphincter

46
Q

substance that aids in absorption of vitamin B12

A

intrinsic factor

47
Q

absence of what causes pernicious anemia

A

intrinsic factor

48
Q

3 portions of the pancreas

A

head
body
tail

49
Q

pancreatic cells that secrete enzymes needed for digestion of carbs, fats and proteins

A

exocrine cells

50
Q

2 major cell bodies in the pancreas

A

exocrine
endocrine

51
Q

exocrine proteins

A

amylase
lipase
proteases

52
Q

the endocrine cells of the pancreas produce

A

glucagon
insalin

53
Q

which type of endocrine cells produce glucagon

A

alpha cells

54
Q

which type of endocrine cells produce insulin

A

beta cells

55
Q

largest organ in the body besides the skin

A

liver

56
Q

where is the liver located

A

right upper quadrant of abdomen

57
Q

what transports bile from the liver

A

right and left hepatic ducts

58
Q

where does the liver receive its blood supply

A

hepatic artery and portal vein

59
Q

3 categories of liver function

A

storage
protection
metabolism

60
Q

mineral and vitamins stored in the liver

A

vitamins A,D,E,K
iron
magnesium
vitamin B12

61
Q

water soluble vitamin stored in the liver

A

vitamin B12

62
Q

fat soluble vitamins stored in the liver

A

vitamins A,D,E,K

63
Q

what does the liver do to harmful compound (e.g drugs, chemicals, alcohol)

A

detoxifies

64
Q

what does the liver do to amino acids

A

breaks them down to remove ammonia

65
Q

what happens to the ammonia after its broken down by the liver

A

converted to urea and excreted via the kidneys as urine

66
Q

what plasma proteins does the liver synthesize

A

albumin
prothrombin
fibrinogen

67
Q

liver role in carbohydrate metabolism

A

storing and releasing glycogen as bodys energy requirements change

68
Q

what does the liver do to fatty acids and triglycerides

A

breaks down and temporarily stores them

69
Q

what does the liver form and secrete which is essential for fat breakdown

A

bile

70
Q

the secretion of bile increases in response to

A

gastrin
secretin
cholecystokinin

71
Q

where does bile go for storage if the sphincter is closed

A

the gallbladder

72
Q

longest and most complex part of digestive tract

A

small intestine

72
Q

longest and most complex part of digestive tract

A

small intestine

73
Q

3 regions of small intestine

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

74
Q

3 functions of the small intestine

A

movement
digestion
absorption

75
Q

4 regions of the colon

A

ascending colon
transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon

76
Q

where does the sigmoid colon empty into

A

the rectum

77
Q

functions of the large intestine

A

movement
absorption
elimination

78
Q

who is at higher risk for inflammatory bowel disease

A

young adults

79
Q

who is at risk for colon cancer

A

young patients with obesity

80
Q

Which daily behavior of a client with GI problems requires further nursing assessment? Select all that apply.
A. Smokes a pack of cigare es
B. Uses Fleet enemas frequently to assist with bowel movements C. Practices intentional relaxation
D. Eats multiple servings of fruits
E. Takes 325 mg of aspirin at night for arthritic pain
F. Exercises for 30 minutes three times weekly
G. Travels extensively across the world

A

A. Smokes a pack of cigarees
B. Uses Fleet enemas frequently to assist with bowel movements
E. Takes 325 mg of aspirin at night for arthritic pain
G. Travels extensively across the world

81
Q

which group of people are more likely to be lactose intolerant

A

non-white americans
asian
south american

82
Q

epigastric burning sensation is also called

A

dyspepsia/heartburn

83
Q

signs of liver and biliary system obstruction

A

skin discoloration
itching
jaundice
increased brusing/easy bleeding

84
Q

body structures in RUQ of abdomen

A

gallbladder
duodenum
pancreas head
bendy liver part of colon
most of liver
part of ascending & transverse colon

85
Q

body structures in LUQ of abdomen

A

stomach
spleen
body & tail of pancreas
spleen bendy part of colon
part of traverse & descending colon

86
Q

body structures in midline of abdomen

A

abdominal aorta
uterus (if enlarged)
bladder (if distended)

87
Q

body structures in RLQ

A

cecum
appendix
right ureter
right ovary and fallopian tube
right spermatic cord

88
Q

body structures in LLQ

A

part of descending colon
sigmoid colon
left ureter
left ovary and fallopian tube
left spermatic cord

89
Q

normal frequency rnade of bowel sounds

A

5-30 per minute

90
Q

normal bowel sounds are

A

high pitched with irregular gurgles

91
Q

3 characterizations of bowel sounds

A

normal
hypoactive
hyperactive

92
Q

what happens to bowel sounds after abdominal surgery

A

diminished or absent

93
Q

bowel sounds if pt has peritonitis

A

diminished or absent

94
Q

bowel sounds if pt has paralytic ileus

A

diminished or absent

95
Q

how to assess for return of peristalsis after abdominal surgery

A

ask pt if they passed gas in the past 8 hrs or stool in the past 12-24 hrs

96
Q

borborgymus is heard in patients with

A

diarrhea
gastroenteritis
complete intestinal obstruction

97
Q

where do you start abdominal auscultation

A

RLQ in area of ileocecal valve

98
Q

a bruit sound over the abdominal aorta can mean

A

abdominal aortic aneurysm

99
Q

high pitched, musical sound of air filled intestine during percussion is called

A

tympanic

100
Q

medium pitched, soft, thud like sound over solid organ during percussion is called

A

dull

101
Q

dullness heard in left anterior axillary line indicates

A

splenomegaly

102
Q

While performing an abdominal assessment on a client, the nurse notes a bruit over the aorta. What is the appropriate nursing action?
A. Consult another nurse to verify the bruit.
B. Auscultate each quadrant for 5 minutes each.
C. Notify the health care provider of the findings.
D. Perform light palpation to further assess the pulsation.

A

C. Notify the health care provider of the findings.

103
Q

most frequent cause of anemia

A

GI bleeding

104
Q

what is measured in GI tract to detect malabsorption

A

calcium

exam 3 GI system (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions