GI Sx- 1

Question 1

What are the three branches off of the celiac artery?

Answer 1

Splenic, left gastric and hepatic

Question 2

What are the layers of the stomach and which is the holding layer?

Answer 2

Mucosa
Submucosa (holding)
Muscularis
Serosa

Question 3

What blood work is normally associated with proximal duodenal obstruction?

Answer 3

Hypochloremic, hyponatremic hypokalemic alkalosis

Question 4

A gastrostomy is categorized as…

Answer 4

Clean-contaminated

If juice get into cavity then it is contaminated

Question 5

What is the suture pattern for gastric closure:1st and 2nd

Answer 5

1st layer- appositional (mucosa and submucosa)
2nd layer- inverting
(Serosa and muscularis)

Question 6

How long does it take for the gastric wall to regain strength?

Answer 6

14 days

Question 7

GDV etiology

Answer 7

Unknown- but once volvulus occurs, gastric distension progresses due to cardia & pylorus obstruction

• pylorus starts on right caudal and shifts to left cranial

Question 8

What type of rads should you take for a GDV?

Answer 8

Right lateral view

Question 9

CS of a GDV

Answer 9

Non productive retching*
Anxiety/restless
Depression
Abd distension
hypersalivation

Question 10

what are three risk factors for GDV?

Answer 10

1st degree relative with history of GDV, deep chest (great dane, setters, poodles) and anxious dogs (high stress)

Question 11

Gdv resultant

Answer 11

• Decreased venous return (hypotension)
• Shock
• Arrhythmia
• Portal HT
• ischemia (gi & myocardium)
• blood loss

Question 12

Can a GDV present with a hemoabdomen & how?

Answer 12

Yes from rupturing gastric arteries

Question 13

Why must ivc be placed in front legs with GDV?

Answer 13

Caudal vena cava decompressed

Question 14

What does the presence of lactate mean with GDV?

Answer 14

Gastric necrosis

- look for >50% decrease in initial lactate value

Question 15

What is partial - invagination?

Answer 15

diseased portion in stomach (stomach acid eats)

- can lead to ulcers

Question 16

Derotation method

Answer 16

If omentum on stomach= Torsion

Stands to right- right hand grab stomach adjacent to left wall & left hand pushes stomach dorsally

Question 17

Gastric necrosis

Answer 17

Increases risk of death

Cause: loss of short gastric vessels

Affects cardia and greater curvature

Question 18

What are the 4 P’s of gastrointestinal viability?

Answer 18

Pallor
Peristalsis- pinch test
Pulses
Palpation(thickness)

Question 19

What gastropexy technique should you not use?

Answer 19

Incorporating gastropexy because moves stomach to wrong side.

Instead use incisional gastropexy

Question 20

Incisional gastropexy approach

Answer 20

5-6 cm seromuscular incision (pyloric antrum)

Incision through peritoneum, transversus abdominus caudal to last rib

And stomach fixed to body wall

Question 21

Most common complications with gastropexy?

Answer 21

Arrythmias & hypotension

Only 5-10% GDV recurrence rate