GI signs / sxs / work-up Flashcards

1
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood, “coffee grounds.” Generally assoc. with upper GI bleed

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2
Q

hematochezia

A

BRBPR - bright red blood per rectum

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3
Q

melena

A

black tarry feces assoc. with upper GI bleed

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4
Q

icterus

A

bilirubin accumulation in the eyes

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5
Q

singultus

A

hiccups, usually benign and self limited

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6
Q

aerophagia

A

true air swalling, behavioral disorder causing chronic belching

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7
Q

eructation

A

burping, normal to occur post-prandial reflex to gastric distention and LES relaxation

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8
Q

odynophagia

A

sharp, substernal pain with swallowing

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9
Q

tenesmus

A

persistent, ineffectual rectal spasm/urgency. Common clinical feature of infectious diarrhea and colitis

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10
Q

nausea

A

visceral vagal afferent relaying distention, irritation, or infection: decreased gastric tone/motility, increased duo/jejuno tone

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11
Q

vomiting

A

ejection of gastric contents from the mouth, stimulation of the the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in the medulla

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12
Q

flatulence

A

farting - derived from swallowed air or bacterial fermentation of undigested carbs (H2, CO2, and methane gas)

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13
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing/transferring bolus from the oropharynx to esophagus

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14
Q

Abdominal pain

A

motility disorder, fecal impaction, excessive gas intake, inflammatory/infectious process,,

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