Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > GI Pt 2 > Flashcards

GI Pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 mechanisms that Metoclopramide (Reglan) contribute to prokinetic activity?

A
  • serotonin receptor agonist
  • dopamine receptor blocker

both increase motility by stimulating Ach production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which of the prokinetic agents will stimulate cholinergic receptors in the entire body, leading to side effects such as dry eyes.

a. bethanechol
b. metoclopramide
c. domperidone
d. erythromycin

A

a. bethanechol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A patient prescribed metoclopramide is most at risk for which of the following?

a. achlorhydria
b. constipation
c. extrapyramidal symptoms
c. xerostomia

A

c. extrapyramidal symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 2 indications for metoclopramide?

A
  • promote peristalsis

- suppress sensation of nausea/vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What extrapyramidal symptom is the most concerning with metoclopramide?

A
  • tardive dyskinesia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A 71 yo patient who consumes a scoop of psyllium mixed with OJ every morning is most at risk for which of the following?

a. drug interactions of absorption
b. impaired kidney function
c. hepatotoxicity
d. vitamin C intoxication
e. all of the above

A

a. drug interactions of absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do osmotic agents enhance peristalsis?

A
  • osmotically mediated water retention
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

For saline-based osmotic agents you need to closely monitor electrolytes in which patient populations?

A
  • renal or CV disease

- underlying electrolyte disorders or on diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anything that contains this mineral is by definition under the saline-based osmotic agents

A
  • magnesium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the trouble with administering glycerin orally?

A
  • it does not reach the intestinal tract

* need to be given rectally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Polyethylene glycol (PEG 3350) are commonly used before what procedure?

A
  • colonoscopy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which type of osmotic agents has no absorption so you do not need to worry about anything systemic?

A
  • sugar/alcohol-based

e. g. Lactulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why do you not want a patient to be on stimulant laxatives permanently?

(e.g. Bisacodyl)

A
  • Could create a dependence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 2 effects of stimulating cGMP in the epithelial cell?

A
  • stimulate CFTR which secretes Cl/HCO3 into lumen

- decreases afferent pain fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

For IBD which is primarily constipation in general you want a drug that can stimulate the what receptor?

A
  • GC-C receptor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which of the following drugs is a type 2 chloride channel agonist?

a. lubiprostone
b. linaclotide
c. plecanatide

A

a. lubiprostone

17
Q

Which of the following drugs is a guanylate cyclase (GC-C) agonists?

a. lubiprostone
b. linaclotide
c. plecanatide
d. both b and d

A

d. both b and d

18
Q

What are the 3 drug classes that are used for CIC or IBS-C?

A
  • serotonin receptor agonists
  • GC-C agonists
  • Type 2 chloride channel agonist
19
Q

Which of the following drugs is a stool softener?

a. docusate
b. psyllium
c. Mg or Phos salts
d. Bisacodyl
e. Lubriprostone

A

a. docusate

20
Q

Which of the following drugs is a bulk forming agent?

a. docusate
b. psyllium
c. Mg or Phos salts
d. Bisacodyl
e. Lubriprostone

A

b. psyllium

21
Q

Which of the following drugs is an osmotic agent?

a. docusate
b. psyllium
c. Mg or Phos salts
d. Bisacodyl
e. Lubriprostone

A

c. Mg or Phos salts

22
Q

Which of the following is a PEG solution?

a. docusate
b. psyllium
c. Miralax
d. Bisacodyl
e. Lubriprostone

A

c. Miralax

23
Q

Which of the following is a stimulant?

a. docusate
b. psyllium
c. Miralax
d. Bisacodyl
e. Lubriprostone

A

d. Bisacodyl

24
Q

A patient with opioid induced constipation has attempted all first line therapies without any success. What drug class would you try next?

A
  • Peripherally Acting Mu-Opioid Receptor Antagonists (PAMORA)
25
Q

What bulk forming agents and/or binding agents work as anti-diarrheals? (2)

A
  • psyllium

- bismuth

26
Q

Loperamide is a derivative of what?

used as an anti-motility agent

A
  • meperedine (demarol)
27
Q

What is the benefit of using Loperamide as an anti-motility agent?

A
  • it does not cross the blood brain barrier so it does not produce the same effects as opioids
28
Q

Why is Diphenoxylate prescription only?

A
  • at higher doses it can cross the blood brain barrier
29
Q

Why is Diphenoxylate almost always combined with Atropine?

brand name: Lomotil

A
  • to reduce the chances of overdosing in Diphenoxylate because Atropine at high doses has many side effects
30
Q

What are the 3 anti-motility agents we ought to remember?

A
  • opioids
  • loperamide
  • diphenoxylate

Pharmacology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions