GI Pharmacology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine are all in the class of medications called _____.

A

H2 blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

H2 blockers irrversibly/reversibly blocks H2 receptors which leads to inc/dec H+ secretion by ______ cells.

A

Reversibly; dec; parietal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name 3 clinical uses of H2 blockers.

A

Peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild esophageal reflux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cimetidine is a potent inhibitor of _____; also has anti_____ effects; can/cannot cross the BBB and placenta.

A

Cytochrome P-450; androgenic; can

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Omeprazole, lansoprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, dexlansoprazole are all in the class of medications called _____.

A

Proton pump inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Proton pump inhibitors irreversibly/reversibly inhibits _____ ATPase in stomach _____ cells.

A

Irreversibly; H+/K+; parietal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name 4 clinical uses of proton pump inhibitors.

A

Peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild esophageal reflux, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name 4 potential toxicities of proton pump inhibitors.

A

Increased risk of C. difficile infection, pneumonia. Hip fractures, dec serum Mg2+ with long-term use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do bismuth and sucralfate aid in ulcer healing?

A

Binds to ulcer base, providing physical protection and allowing HCO3- secretion to reestablish pH gradient in the mucous layer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T/F: Misoprostol is used to prevent NSAID-induced peptic ulcers, maintain PDA, and induce labor.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the medication used to treat acute variceal bleeding, acromegaly, VIPoma, and carcinoid tumors.

A

Octreotide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F: Antacids can cause hyperkalemia.

A

FALSE: HYPOkalemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name the toxicities associated with aluminum hydroxide.

A

Constipation and hypophosphatemia; proximal muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name the toxicities associated with magnesium hydroxide.

A

Diarrhea, hyporeflexia, hypotension, cardiac arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name the toxicities associated with calcium carbonate.

A

Hypercalcemia, inc rebound acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name 4 osmotic laxatives

A

Magnesium hydroxide, magnesium citrate, polyethylene glycol, lactulose

17
Q

How does lactulose treat hepatic encephalopathy?

A

Gut flora degrades it into metabolites (lactic acid and acetic acid) that promotes nitrogen excretion as NH4+

18
Q

What is infliximab?

A

Monoclonal antibody to TNF-alpha

19
Q

Name 3 clinical uses of infliximab.

A

Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis

20
Q

Name 3 toxicities associated with infliximab.

A

Infection (including reactivation of latent TB), fever, hypotension

21
Q

Name 2 clinical uses of sulfasalazine.

A

Ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease

22
Q

What are 4 toxicities of sulfasalazine?

A

Malaise, nausea, sulfonamide toxicity, reversible oligospermia

23
Q

What is ondansetron?

A

5-HT3 antagonist, powerful central-acting antiemetic

24
Q

What is metoclopramide?

A

D2-receptor antagonist; increases resting tone, contractility, LES tone, motility

25
Q

T/F: Metoclopramide does NOT influence colon transport time.

A

TRUE

26
Q

What medication should be used for diabetic and post-surgery gastroparesis?

A

Metoclopramide

27
Q

Metoclopramide has a drug indication with which 2 medications?

A

Digoxin and diabetic agents

28
Q

Metoclopramide is contraindicated in which 2 medical conditions?

A

Patients with small bowel obstruction or Parkinson’s disease