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GEMS > GI Pharm III: IBD, IBS, Antiemetics > Flashcards

GI Pharm III: IBD, IBS, Antiemetics Flashcards

1
Q

Docsuate

1.MOA
2. Adverse Effects
3. ADME
4. Uses

A
  1. Luminally active –> bulk-forming softener & Anionic surfactant –> lowers surface tension of water, may block water reabsorption
  2. Stomach pain, diarrhea, cramping
  3. Oral 24-72 hr, Suppository 10-20 min
  4. Constipation
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2
Q

Bisacodyl

1.MOA
2. Adverse Effects
3. ADME
4. Uses

A
  1. Stimulant –> stimulates peristalsis by directly irritating smooth mm of intestine – alter water/electrolyte

2.Ab cramps, electrolyte disturbance, N/V, rectal burning, vertigo

  1. Oral 8 hr, suppository 15-60 min
  2. Constipation
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3
Q

Lubiprostone

1.MOA
2. Adverse Effects
3. Uses

A
  1. Receptor mediated stimulant –> fatty acid that it a Cl-channel activator –> increases fluid secretion & intestinal motility
  2. Diarrhea, CNS effects (HA)
  3. Chronic idiopathic constipation, opioid-induced, IBS w/ constipation (women)
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4
Q

Linaclotide

1.MOA
2. Adverse Effects
3. Uses

A
  1. Receptor mediated stimulant –>guanylate cyclase C agonist–> Cl- & HCO3- secretion into lumen
  2. Diarrhea, BB: <2 yo –>dehydration concerns
  3. Chronic idiopathic constipation, opioid-induced, IBS w/ constipation (women)
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5
Q

a-galactosidase

1.MOA
2. Adverse Effects
3. ADME
4. Uses

A
  1. Catalyzes hydrolysis of globotriaosylceramide (Gb-3) & other glycosphingolipids
  2. Peripheral edema, infusion rxn, seroconversion
  3. IV
  4. Fabry disease (lysosomal storage disorder)
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6
Q

Lactase

1.MOA
2. ADME
3. Uses

A
  1. Enzyme that breaks down lactose
  2. Orally w/ milk products
  3. Lactose intolerance
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7
Q

Pancrelipase

1.MOA
2. ADME
4. Uses

A
  1. Isolated from porcine pancreatic glands –> contains lipase, amylase, proteases
  2. With food to aid digestion
  3. Pancreatic insufficiency
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8
Q

Loperamide

1.MOA
2. Contraindications

A
  1. Opioid agonist (only minimally crosses BBB) –> increased colonic transit times & fecal water absorption
  2. High fever, bloody diarrhea, septicemia —-> aggravates these conditions
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9
Q

Diphenoxylate

1.MOA
2. ADME

A
  1. Opioid agonist (crosses in higher doses) –> increased colonic transit times & fecal water absorption
  2. Take with atropine
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10
Q

Ursodiol

1.MOA
2. Adverse Effects
3. Contraindications
4. ADME
5. Uses

A
  1. Reduces secretion of cholesterol from liver–> decreases cholesterol content of bile bear bile
  2. HA, dizzy, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, back pain, URI
  3. Not used on calcified cholesterol stones
  4. Oral Enterohepatic recycling
  5. If don’t want surgery/too ill for surgery –> gallstone dissolution
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11
Q

Octreotide

1.MOA
2. Adverse Effects

A
  1. Somatostatin agonist –> reduces portal & splanchnic blood flow –> decrease portal HTN –> decrease variceal hemorrhage (dilated veins in submucosa of esophagus/stomach)
  2. Impaired pancreatic secretions –> steatorrhea, ADEK deficiencies - nausea, ab pain, flatulnce-gallstones
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12
Q

Propranolol, nadolol

1.MOA

A
  1. Non-selective B-blocker –> decrease portal venous inflow –> decrease portal HTN
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13
Q

Alsosetron “I LOSE”

1.MOA
2. Complication
3. ADME
4. Uses

A
  1. HT3 receptor antagonist
  2. BB: ischemic colitis – constipation serious complications
  3. First tx w/ dietary alterations –> then tx other sx (diarrhea constipation)
  4. Women w/ severe diarrhea who failed to respond to conventional tx
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14
Q

5-ASA

1.MOA
2. ADME

A
  1. COX-inhibition, NF-KB inhibition
  2. Topical
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15
Q

Natalizumab

1.MOA
2. Adverse Effects
3. Uses

A
  1. Anti-integrin –> blocks a4 integrin subunit on circulating inflammatory immune cells –> blocks their ability to adhere & migrate into colon tissue
  2. Multifocal leukoencephlalopathy (JC virus), infusion rxns, opportunistic infections
  3. Crohn’s disease (refractory to other therapies)
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16
Q

Ondansetron “Dan does chemo at 5”

1.MOA
2. Adverse Effects
3. Uses

A
  1. 5-HT3 antagonists –> acts on central & peripheral receptors
  2. HA, dizzy, constipation, small QT interval increase
  3. Chemo/radiation nausea, post-op nausea
17
Q

Aprepitant “APpreciate NKs”

1.MOA
2. Adverse Effects
3. ADME

A
  1. Neurokinin receptor antagonist –> blocks NK1 receptor in area postrema
  2. Fatigue, dizziness, diarrhea
  3. w/ 5HT3 antagonists –> acute/delayed N/V from highly emetogenic chemo regimens
18
Q

Dronabinol

1.MOA
2. Adverse Effects
3. ADME
4. Uses

A
  1. Cannabinoid –> activates CB1 receptors –> increased appetite & antiemetic effects
  2. Euphoria, dysphoria, sedation, hallucinations, dry mouth, increased appetite
  3. w/ other antiemetics–> chemo induced vomiting
  4. Prior to chemo & every 2-4 post chemo

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