GI Pharm

Question 1

Mech: Reversible block of histamine H2-receptors –> decreased H+ secretion by parietal cells

Answer 1

H2 Blockers

Question 2

Mech: Bind to ulcer base, providing physical protection and allowing bicarb (HCO3-) secretion to reestablish pH gradient in the mucous layer.

Answer 2

Bismuth, Sucralfate

Question 3

Mech: PGE1 analog. Increases production and secretion of gastric mucous barrier, decreases acid production

Answer 3

Misoprostol

Question 4

Mech: Irreversibly inhibits H+/K+ ATPase in stomach parietal cells.

Answer 4

Proton Pump Inhibitors

Question 5

Mech: Long-acting somatostatin analog.

Answer 5

Octreotide

Question 6

Can affect absorption, bioavailability, or urinary excretion of other drugs by altering gastric and urinary pH or by delaying gastric emptying.

Answer 6

Antacids

Question 7

H2 Blockers

Answer 7

• “Take H2 Blockers before you DINE.” Think “table for 2” to remember H2.
• Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine

Question 8

Proton Pump Inhibitors

Answer 8

“PRAZOLE”

- Omeprazole, lansoprazole, esomeparzole, pantoprazole, dexlansoprazole

Question 9

Antacids

Answer 9

Aluminum Hyrdoxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Calcium Carbonate

Question 10

Potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 with multiple drug interactions, antiandrogenic effects, and the ability to cross the BB barrier and placenta

Answer 10

Cimetidine

Question 11

Decrease renal excretion of creatinine.

Answer 11

Cimetidine and Ranitidine

Question 12

Used for increased ulcer healing and traveler’s diarrhea.

Answer 12

Bismuth, Sucralfate

Question 13

SE include nausea, cramps, and steatorrhea.

Answer 13

Octreotide

Question 14

SE include diarrhea, hyporeflexia, hypotension, and cardiac arrest.

Answer 14

Magnesium Chloride (Mg = Must go to the bathroom)

Question 15

SE include increased risk of C- difficult infection and pneumonia, Hip fractures, and decreased serum Mg2+ with long-term use.

Answer 15

Proton Pump Inhibitors

Question 16

SE include Diarrhea. Is also contraindicated in women of childbearing potential due to it being an abrotifacient.

Answer 16

Misoprostol

Question 17

SE include Hypercalcemia and increased rebound acid. Can also chelate and decrease the effectiveness of other drugs like tetracycline.

Answer 17

Calcium Carbonate

Question 18

SE include Constipation, hypophosphatemia, proximal muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, and seizures.

Answer 18

Aluminum Hydroxide (AluMINIMUM amount of Feces)

Question 19

Used for Acute variceal bleeds, acromegaly, VIPoma, and carcinoid tumors.

Answer 19

Octreotide

Question 20

All can cause hypokalemia.

Answer 20

Antacids

Question 21

Used for prevention of NSAID-induced peptic ulcers, maintenance of a PDA, and to induce labor (ripens cervix).

Answer 21

Misoprostol

Question 22

Mech: Monoclonal antibody to TNF-alpha

Answer 22

Infliximab

Question 23

Mech: D2 receptor antagonist. Increases resting tone, contractility, LES tone, and motility. Does not influence colon transport time.

Answer 23

Metoclopramide

Question 24

Mech: Combination of sulfapyridine (antibacterial) and 5-aminosalicyclic acid (anti-inflammatory) that is activated by colonic bacteria.

Answer 24

Sulfasalazine

Question 25

Mech: Provide osmotic load to draw water out.

Answer 25

Osmotic Laxatives

Question 26

Osmotic Laxatives

Answer 26

Magnesium Hydroxide, Magnesium Citrate, polyethylene glycol, lactulose.

Question 27

Used for Crohn’s Disease and ulcerative colitis

Answer 27

Infliximab, and Sulfasalazine

Question 28

Used for RA

Answer 28

Infliximab

Question 29

Mech: 5-HT3 antagonist.

Answer 29

Ondansetron

Question 30

Used for diabetic and post-surgery gastroparesis, antiemetic.

Answer 30

Metoclopramide

Question 31

Used to control vomiting postoperatively and in pts undergoing cancer chemo.

Answer 31

Ondansetron.

Question 32

SE include Diarrhea, dehydration; may be abused by bulimics.

Answer 32

Osmotic Laxatives

Question 33

SE include headache and constipation.

Answer 33

Ondansetron

Question 34

SE include increased Parksonian effects, restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, nausea, diarrhea, drug interaction with digoxin and diabetic agents.

Answer 34

Metoclopramide

Question 35

Contraindicated in pts with small bowel obstruction or Parkinson’s disease

Answer 35

Metoclopramide.

Question 36

SE include Malaise, nausea, sulfonamide toxicity, reversible oligospermia

Answer 36

Sulfasalazine

Question 37

SE include Infection (including reactivation of TB), fever, and hypotension.

Answer 37

Infliximab