GI Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Mech: Reversible block of histamine H2-receptors –> decreased H+ secretion by parietal cells

A

H2 Blockers

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2
Q

Mech: Bind to ulcer base, providing physical protection and allowing bicarb (HCO3-) secretion to reestablish pH gradient in the mucous layer.

A

Bismuth, Sucralfate

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3
Q

Mech: PGE1 analog. Increases production and secretion of gastric mucous barrier, decreases acid production

A

Misoprostol

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4
Q

Mech: Irreversibly inhibits H+/K+ ATPase in stomach parietal cells.

A

Proton Pump Inhibitors

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5
Q

Mech: Long-acting somatostatin analog.

A

Octreotide

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6
Q

Can affect absorption, bioavailability, or urinary excretion of other drugs by altering gastric and urinary pH or by delaying gastric emptying.

A

Antacids

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7
Q

H2 Blockers

A
  • “Take H2 Blockers before you DINE.” Think “table for 2” to remember H2.
  • Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine
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8
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitors

A

“PRAZOLE”

- Omeprazole, lansoprazole, esomeparzole, pantoprazole, dexlansoprazole

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9
Q

Antacids

A

Aluminum Hyrdoxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Calcium Carbonate

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10
Q

Potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 with multiple drug interactions, antiandrogenic effects, and the ability to cross the BB barrier and placenta

A

Cimetidine

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11
Q

Decrease renal excretion of creatinine.

A

Cimetidine and Ranitidine

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12
Q

Used for increased ulcer healing and traveler’s diarrhea.

A

Bismuth, Sucralfate

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13
Q

SE include nausea, cramps, and steatorrhea.

A

Octreotide

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14
Q

SE include diarrhea, hyporeflexia, hypotension, and cardiac arrest.

A

Magnesium Chloride (Mg = Must go to the bathroom)

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15
Q

SE include increased risk of C- difficult infection and pneumonia, Hip fractures, and decreased serum Mg2+ with long-term use.

A

Proton Pump Inhibitors

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16
Q

SE include Diarrhea. Is also contraindicated in women of childbearing potential due to it being an abrotifacient.

A

Misoprostol

17
Q

SE include Hypercalcemia and increased rebound acid. Can also chelate and decrease the effectiveness of other drugs like tetracycline.

A

Calcium Carbonate

18
Q

SE include Constipation, hypophosphatemia, proximal muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, and seizures.

A

Aluminum Hydroxide (AluMINIMUM amount of Feces)

19
Q

Used for Acute variceal bleeds, acromegaly, VIPoma, and carcinoid tumors.

A

Octreotide

20
Q

All can cause hypokalemia.

21
Q

Used for prevention of NSAID-induced peptic ulcers, maintenance of a PDA, and to induce labor (ripens cervix).

A

Misoprostol

22
Q

Mech: Monoclonal antibody to TNF-alpha

A

Infliximab

23
Q

Mech: D2 receptor antagonist. Increases resting tone, contractility, LES tone, and motility. Does not influence colon transport time.

A

Metoclopramide

24
Q

Mech: Combination of sulfapyridine (antibacterial) and 5-aminosalicyclic acid (anti-inflammatory) that is activated by colonic bacteria.

A

Sulfasalazine

25
Mech: Provide osmotic load to draw water out.
Osmotic Laxatives
26
Osmotic Laxatives
Magnesium Hydroxide, Magnesium Citrate, polyethylene glycol, lactulose.
27
Used for Crohn's Disease and ulcerative colitis
Infliximab, and Sulfasalazine
28
Used for RA
Infliximab
29
Mech: 5-HT3 antagonist.
Ondansetron
30
Used for diabetic and post-surgery gastroparesis, antiemetic.
Metoclopramide
31
Used to control vomiting postoperatively and in pts undergoing cancer chemo.
Ondansetron.
32
SE include Diarrhea, dehydration; may be abused by bulimics.
Osmotic Laxatives
33
SE include headache and constipation.
Ondansetron
34
SE include increased Parksonian effects, restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, nausea, diarrhea, drug interaction with digoxin and diabetic agents.
Metoclopramide
35
Contraindicated in pts with small bowel obstruction or Parkinson's disease
Metoclopramide.
36
SE include Malaise, nausea, sulfonamide toxicity, reversible oligospermia
Sulfasalazine
37
SE include Infection (including reactivation of TB), fever, and hypotension.
Infliximab