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B2 ME3029 ANATOMY > GI Part 2 > Flashcards

GI Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

branches of coeliac trunk

A
  • common hepatic arteries
  • left gastric art
  • splenic artery

(+L&R gastro-epiploic arteries)

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2
Q

venous drainage of stomach

A

left and right gastric vein > hepatic portal vein

left gastroepiploic vein > splenic > hepatic portal

right gastroepiploic > smv > hepatic portal vein

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3
Q

lymph node drainage of stomach (applicable to other structures)

A

coeliac LN > pre-aortic

SM LN > pre-aortic

IM LN > pre-aortic

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4
Q

JEJENUM vs ILEUM

A

JEJENUM:

  • longer vasa recta,
  • less fat
  • prominent plicae circulares

ILEUM

  • shorter vasa recta; more complex
  • more fat
  • less plicae circulares
  • narrower and thin-walled
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5
Q

Aspects of large intestine

A

APPENDIX EPIPLOICA

HAUSTRUM / HAUSTRAL FOLDS

TENNIAE COLI

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6
Q

arterial and venous of ascending

A

R colic arteries and veins

ileocolic arteries and veins

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7
Q

arterial and venous of transverse

A

L superior colic art.; R and middle colic art

middle, left colic vein

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8
Q

arterial and venous of descending

A

left colic art. + superior sigmoid art.

IMV

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9
Q

arterial and venous of sigmoid

A

sigmoid arteries

IMV

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10
Q

arterial and venous of rectume

A

corresponding SUP/MIDDLE/INFERIOR arteries and veins

all drain to PARA RECTAL NODES > IM LN

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11
Q

role of the pelvic floor?

A

act as muscular constrictors for anal orifice alongside int. and ext. anal sphincters

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12
Q

what kind of mucosal types exist along the GIT?

A

protective: oral, pharynx, oesoph., anal canal
secretory: stomach
abs: small intestine

abs/protective: large intestine

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13
Q

cell types in the gastric glands

A

GASTRIC PIT: surface mucous

ISTHMUS: parietal cells

NECK: neck mucous, stem cells, parietal cells

GASTRIC PIT: peptic, parietal cells, neck mucous cells, neuroendocrine

G cells found in pits in PYLORIC ANTRUM

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14
Q

Histology of small intestines

A

columnar absorptive found on villi = enterocytes + goblet cells

crypts of lieberkuhn in betweek villi

lamina propria: vasculature abs. products

  • lacteals @ lymphatic capillaries
  • peyer’s patches
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15
Q

Crypts of L

A

@ small intestine

floor of the crypts made of lamina propria

Paneth cells: eosinophillic (uniquely duodenal)
endocrine: secretin, somatstatin, serotonin
stem cells: replacing enterocytes

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16
Q

Duodenal histology features

A

BRUNNERS GLANDS in submucosa
= mucus secretion +mucus from goblets

  • broader villi
  • less peyers
17
Q

Large intestine histology

A

deep crypts w/ columnar abs. cells
+goblets
+ endocrine
+basal stem cells

18
Q

What forms the internal anal sphincter?

A

The circular muscles of the muscularis externa running along the L.Int.

19
Q

Jejenum Vs Ileum

A

JEJENUM
swollen villi, varying heights
simple arcardes, longer vasa recta

ILEUM
thin villi, less abundant, PROMINENT PEYERS
complex arcades, shorter vasa recta
+fat

20
Q

Significance @ ano-rectal junction

A

transition from simple columnar to stratified squamous

21
Q

What is the portal vein?

A

@ the porta hepatis

carries nutrient rich blood from s. int.

(made from the joining of the splenic vein + SMV)

22
Q

What are the hepatic arteries

A

@ the porta hepatis

oxygenates the liveer from the Ao.

23
Q

Structures found at the porta hepatis

A

portal vein

hepatic arteries

hepatic plexus

hepatic duct (carries bile from the liver)

lymphatic vessels

24
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the liver

A 
ant:
hepatic LN (lesser omentum) > colic LN > cisterna chyli

post:
phrenic + post. mediastinal nodes > right. lymphatic + thoracic ducts

25
Q

Drainage of the hepatic lobule

A

Portal triads @ perphery:
portal vein, portal arteriole, bile duct

  • > sinusoids
  • > central vein > collecting veins > hepatic veins > IVC

+triad contains lymphatic vessels and CN X fibres

26
Q

Vasculature of the pancreas

A

Coeliac trunk + SMA

plenic vein or SMV > portal system

coeliac plexus and SM plexus

lymph: pre-aortic nodes @ T12 and L1

27
Q

bilateral flexion of the EO produces

A

flexion of the trunk

28
Q

what artery is immediately medial to the deep inguinal ring?

A

inferior epigastric

29
Q

nerve supply of psoas maj,

A

ventral rami L1-3

30
Q

conjoint tendon

A

sheath of connective tissue: lower part of the common aponeurosis of the internal oblique + transversus abdominis muscle

inserts @ lesser trchanter of femur, produces hip flexion

31
Q

innervation of quadratus lumborum?

A

subcostal nerve (T12) and anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L4

32
Q

innervation of the iliacus

A

innervated by the femoral nerve (which is composed of nerves from the anterior rami of L2-L4)

B2 ME3029 ANATOMY (7 decks)

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