GI meds MOA/side effects Flashcards
what is the MOA (and sites of action) of metoclopramide?
sensitizes smooth muscles in upper GI tract to acetylcholine; increases lower esophageal sphincter tone; increases contractions of stomach; relaxes pyloric sphincter; increases duodenal/jejunal peristalsis
what are some side effects of metoclopramide?
behavioral/mental changes, increased detrusor muscle contractility, reduced bladder capacity
MOA/sites of action of ondansetron/dolasetron?
5HT3 receptor antagonist, which are located peripherally and centrally; unsure if it works on peripheral, central, or both
adverse effects of ondansetron/dolasetron?
constipation, sedation, extrapyramidal effects, hypotension, arrhythmias
MOA/sites of action of maropitant?
inhibits substance P, NK1 receptor antagonist in CNS, suppresses receptors in central and peripheral nervous system; can decrease small intestinal contraction patterns; may have visceral analgesic effects
adverse effects of maropitant?
allergic reaction, vomiting, CNS signs, pain/swelling at injection site
MOA/sites of action of famotidine?
H2 receptor antagonist that works on parietal cells, reduces gastric acid secretion during fasting or pre-prandial periods; also works during gastric acid secretion secondary to insulin or histamine release; reduces amt of pepsin secreted; doesn’t affect gastric emptying or lower esophageal sphincter tone
side effects of famotidine?
hemolysis with IV (rapid) infusion in cats; bradycardia with rapid IV infusion
MOA/sites of action of pantoprazole?
substituted benzimidazole, proton pump inhibitor that affects gastric parietal cells; forms covalent bonds at K+/H+ ATPase; reduces acid secretion during basal and stimulated times
side effects of pantoprazole?
in people- diarrhea, headache, hyperglycemia (~1% of population), phlebitis, increased risk of community acquired pneumonia
