GI MC4 Flashcards

1
Q

Anastrozole

A

aromatase inhibitor

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2
Q

vagina adverse effects of Anastrozole

A

vaginal dryness, vaginal bleeding,

hair thinning,

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3
Q

GI adverse effects of Anastrozole

A

anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea,

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4
Q

bone adverse effects of Anastrozole

A

arthralgia, arthritis, bone fractures, bone pain,

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5
Q

skin adverse effects of Anastrozole

A

rash (including stevens-johnson syndrome), cutaneous vasculitis,

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6
Q

head adverse effects of Anastrozole

A

Hot flushes, asthenia and drowsiness -may affect driving or operate machinery,

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7
Q

other adverse effects of Anastrozole

A

Slight increase in total cholesterol

Very rarely allergic reactions including angioedema and anaphylaxis

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8
Q

Tamoxifen

A

oestrogen receptor antagonist

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9
Q

SSRIs affect on breast cancer treatment

A

can inhibit metabolism of tamoxifen

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10
Q

warfarin affect on breast cancer treatment

A

Tamoxifen inhibits CYP3A4 therefore increasing risk of bleeding

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11
Q

chemo regime

A

Induction
Consolidation
Maintenance

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12
Q

induction

A

intensive treatment aimed at destroying as many leukaemia cells as possible and achieving remission

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13
Q

induction duration

A

4-6 weeks

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14
Q

Consolidation

A

aimed at remission and preventing spread. Often involves intra-spinal injections and then tablets.

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15
Q

Maintenance

A

Involves regular tablets and possible injections.

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16
Q

Maintenance duration

A

lasts 2 years (girls) or 3 years (boys)

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17
Q

Hyper-CVAD chemo combination

A

Cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone

18
Q

why do we use combo chemo

A

exploits dif stages of cell cycle

19
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

bifunctional alkylating drug

20
Q

Cyclophosphamide side effecs

A

Impaired fertility in future
Bone marrow suppression and neutropenia
Can develop other malignancies → e.g acute myeloid leukaemia, bladder cancer

21
Q

how to reduce rick of chemo bladder cancer

22
Q

mesna

A

mercaptoethane sulphonic acid prior to treatment

23
Q

Vincristine

A

Vinca alkaloids- mitotic inhibitors

24
Q

how does vincristine work

A

block mitosis in metaphase- tubulin molecules fail to polymerize in the presence of vinca alkaloids
in anaphase dissolution of the mitotic spindle leads to cell death

25
Doxorubicin
Anthracycline - cytotoxic antibiotic
26
Doxorubicin side effect
dilated cardiomyopathy .
27
Methotrexate starts when
6 week chemotherapy induction
28
Methotrexate
folic acid antagonist
29
hwo is Methotrexate excreted
renally
30
Methotrexate main side effect
hepatotoxicity
31
why monitor FBC with methotrexate
monitor platelet count as can cause toxicity to bone marrow
32
Chemotherapy GI side effects
diarrhoea, sore mouth, nausea and vomiting
33
Chemotherapy Bone marrow side effects
myelosuppression can lead to anaemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia
34
Chemotherapy hair side effects
partial/ total alopecia
35
Chemotherapy fertiloity side effects
Reproduction: can affect both men and women
36
Chemotherapy tumour lysis syndrome
rapid breakdown of malignant cells can cause hyperuricemia, hyperkalaemia, hypophosphatemia, hypocalcemia with consequent renal damage/ arrhythmias
37
Capecitabine
base analogue anti-metabolite
38
Capecitabine MOA
Interferes with DNA synthesis- stops cells making and repairing DNA It is a pyrimidine antagonist and is a prodrug of flurouracil
39
Oxaliplatin
platinum compound
40
Cisplatin and carboplatin are used for
solid malignancy
41
side effects of platinum compounds
``` Severe nausea and vomiting Nephrotoxicity with renal impairment (hydration important) Ototoxicity Peripheral neuropathy Myelosuppression ```