GI Infections Flashcards
What are some common GI bacteria acquired in hospital setting?
Clostridium difficile
Norovirus
T/F
Testing for GDH (Glutamate dehydrogenase) is the diagnostic lab tool for c difficile
F
GDH is an enzyme found in most bacteria - tests for PRESENCE of microorganism
C dif hard to diagnose
Lab test for C dif?
difficult - no definitive test
- test for GDH
- test for presence of toxin A&B
What is an intermediate test result for C dif?
GDH +ve
toxin -ve
T/F
If two intermediate test results for c dif then cannot diagnose
F!
Make clinical decision
How is c difficile transmitted?
Produces pores that survive in environment and more resistant to disinfectants
How is Norovirus transmitted?
Faecal oral
Droplet routes
Contaminated food/water
LOW INFECTIOUS DOSE = HIGHLY INFECTIOUS
Symptoms of norovirus?
Sudden onset diarrhea and vomiting!
CONTAMINATED ENVIRONMENT
Asymptomatic shedding of virus lasts for up to 48hr post cessation of symptoms
Symptoms C dif?
diarrhea (sometimes bloody)
severe = pseudomembraneous colitis or bowel perforation
T/F
Rotavirus commonest cause diarrhea children under 3 yrs
T
Transmission rotavirus?
- Low infectious dose
- billions shed faeces
- survives environment
- oral faecal spread (daytime nurseries etc)
Infection control diarrhea?
- single room w own toilet
- outbreaks patients w same infections nursed together with OWN team nurses
- Wards closed to new admissions
- Inc. cleaning disinfecting
What are 4 c’s?
Broad spectrum antibiotics that can cause C difficile cephalosporin ciproflaxacin amoxicillin-clavulanic acid clindamycin
Diagnosis rotavirus and norovirus
PCR faeces
noro PCR vomit
T/F
Antibiotics are key treatment rotavirus and norovirus
F
REHYDRATION IS KEY!
