GI I

Question 1

hindgut

Answer 1

distal 1/3 transverse to anal canal above pectinate line

Question 2

fold closure fails

Answer 2

rostral - sternal
lateral - omphalocele,gastroschisis
caudal - baldder exstrophy

Question 3

duodenal atresia

Answer 3

trisomy 21

Question 4

midgut devemlopment

Answer 4

week 6 - herniate umbilical ring

week 10 - return abdomen - rotate around SMA

Question 5

tracheoesophageal anomalies

Answer 5

MC - esophageal atresia with distal TEF

Question 6

olive mass

Answer 6

pyloric stenosis

nonbilious projectile vomiting

hypoK hypoCl metabolic alkalosis

tx - surgical incision

Question 7

pancreas embryo

Answer 7

foregut
ventral bud - main duct
dorsal bud - accessory bud

body - from both ventral and dorsal

Question 8

annular pancreas

Answer 8

ventral bud - abnormal surround 2nd part duodenum

ring of pancreas - duodenal narrowing

Question 9

pancreas divisum

Answer 9

ventral and dorsal fail to fuse

-often asymptomatic

Question 10

spleen embryo

Answer 10

arise mesentery of stomach - mesoderm

but blood supply foregut - celiac

Question 11

retroperitoneal structures

Answer 11

SAD PUCKER
suprarenal gland - (adrenal)
aorta and IVC
duodenum (part 2-4)
pancreas (except tail)
ureters
colon (descending and ascending)
kidney
esophagus (thoracic)
rectum

Question 12

transverse colon

Answer 12

not retroperitoneal

Question 13

injured retroperitoneal structure

Answer 13

blood-gas in retroperitoneal space

Question 14

hepatoduodenal ligament

Answer 14

has portal triad

-hepatic a, portal v, common bile duct

Question 15

pringle maneuver

Answer 15

compress hepatoduodenal ligament to stop bleeding

Question 16

falciform ligament

Answer 16

derivative fetal umbilical vein

Question 17

gastrohepatic ligament

Answer 17

to lesser curve - gastric arteries

Question 18

gastrocolic ligamnet

Answer 18

to greater curve - gastroepiploic arteries

Question 19

gastrosplenic lligament

Answer 19

to greater curve

short gastric

Question 20

splenorenal ligament

Answer 20

to posterior abdominal wall

splenic a and v
tail of pancreas

Question 21

meissner plexus

Answer 21

submucosa

secreteion

Question 22

auerbach plexus

Answer 22

muscular externa layer
-myenteric

motility

Question 23

GI rhythm

Answer 23

stomach 3/min
duodenum 12/min
ileum 8-9/min

Question 24

brunner gland

Answer 24

bicarb secreting in submucosa

Question 25

crypts of lieberkuhn

Answer 25

duodenum
jejunum
ileum
colon

Question 26

peyer patches

Answer 26

ileum

Question 27

colon

Answer 27

crypts but no villi

lots of goblet cells

Question 28

ileum

Answer 28

largest number of goblet cells

Question 29

celiac trunk level

Answer 29

T12

Question 30

SMA level

Answer 30

L1

Question 31

renal artey level

Answer 31

L1

Question 32

IMA level

Answer 32

L3

Question 33

bifucration of aorta

Answer 33

L4

bifourcation

Question 34

midline branch arteries

Answer 34

celiac T12
SMA L1
IMA L3

Question 35

foregut

Answer 35

celiac artery
vagus nerve
T12-L1

Question 36

midgut

Answer 36

SMA
vagus nerve
L1

Question 37

hindgut

Answer 37

IMA
pelvic nerve
L3

Question 38

splenic flexure

Answer 38

SMA and IMA watershed

Question 39

celiac branches

Answer 39

common hepatic a
splenic a
left gastric a

Question 40

anastomoses of stomach

Answer 40

weak - short gastric if splenic a blocked

strong - left and right gastroepiploic and gastrics

Question 41

gastroduodenual artery

Answer 41

posterior to duodenum - get bleed if perforate