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Bot Med II > GI Herbs > Flashcards

GI Herbs Flashcards

1
Q

What is a stomachic?

A

tones or benefits the function of the stomach, increases appetite

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2
Q

What is a bitter?

A

tastes bitter, stimulates digestion

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3
Q

What is a carminative?

A

prevents formation of/relieves gas

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4
Q

What is a laxative?

A

facilitates a bowel movement

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5
Q

What is a purgative?

A

evacuates the colon

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6
Q

What is a cathartic?

A

evacuates the colon

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7
Q

What is the quintessential digestive bitter herb?

A

Gentiana lutea

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8
Q

What are some alterative bitters?

A

Taraxicum off., cynara scolymus, rumex crispus, mahonia sp

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9
Q

What are some Aromatic bitters?

A

zingiber off., citrus sinensis, elettaria cardamomum

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10
Q

What are some bitter carminatives?

A

Matricaria recutita, Angelica archangelica

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11
Q

Gentiana lutea

A

Bitter root/bitterwort
Cooling
classic bitter, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, cholagogue
secoiridoid glycosides–> bitter

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12
Q

Citrus sinensis

A

orange peel
Sour, Bitter, Cooling/Warming
flavanoid glycosides, (hesperidin, rutoside, sinensetin, tangeretin, limonene in essential oils) pectins, furanocoumarins…..
Indications: dyspepsia, loss of appetite, GERD, gallstones (limonene dissolves cholesterol), hypochlorhydria, malabsorption
Cautions: photosensitizing secoiridoid glycosides
CI: hyperchlorhydria, gastritis, IBD flare, ulcer flare, Z-E syndrome, PPI drugs

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13
Q

What plants are carminatives?

What tends to cause their carminative behavior?

A 
largely dt volatile oils that are easily absorbed for local effects
Foeniculum vulgare (fennel)
Pimpinella anisum (anise)
Mentha piperita/spicata (mint)
Zingiber off
Matricaria recutitia (chamomile)
Angelica archangelica (Angelica)
Elettaria cardamomum (cardamom)
Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice)
Lavendula off
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14
Q

Foeniculum vulgare

A

fennel
antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, carminative, galactogogue, bitter
warming, aromatic, bitter, sweet
specificity: hollow tubes

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15
Q

Matricaria recutita

A

Chamomile
carminative, stomachic, antiemetic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, sedative, nervine, anti-ulcerogenic, bitter
Specificity: GI, Nervous, Children

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16
Q

Zingiber Officinale

A

Ginger
carminative, stomachic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, diaphoretic, diuretic, antimicrobial, expectorant, ANTIEMETIC, COX-2 inhibitor
Specificity: circulatory, digestive, respiratory
Energetics: warming, stimulating, draws energy to center

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17
Q

How might you differentiate the warming properties of ginger from the warming properties of capsaicin?

A

Ginger: brings warmth to center
Capsaicin: brings warmth to periphery

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18
Q

Rumex crispus

A

Yellowdock
GI astringent, nutritive, alterative, lymphagogue
bitter, cooling, contracting
tannins, iron (anemia!)
Specificity: GI mucosa, respiratory tract
USE ROOT (leaves have oxalic acid, mb toxic)
Indications: ulcerative stomatitis, syphilis, nursing sore mouth, anemia

19
Q

Geranium maculatum

A

Geranium
GI astringent, styptic, used for lack of tone in GI
Energetics: contracting
Indications: leaky gut, eczema, HA, atony wo inflammation, chronic diarrhea

20
Q

Althea officinalis

A

marshmallow
GI demulcent
cool, moist, soothing to mucus membranes, stimulates cell regeneration, anti-inflammatory

21
Q

Ulmus fulva

A

slippery elm
GI demulcent
soothing to mucus, anti-inflammatory
cool moist mucilage, nutritive

22
Q

Aloe barbadensis

A

Aloe (GEL)
GI demulcent, cooling, moist
soothing, anti-inflammatory, immune modulatory
polysaccharides, phytosterols…..

23
Q

Which herbs are significantly anti-inflammatory to the GI tract?

A 
Achillea millefolium (yarrow)
Boswelia serrata (Indian Frankincense)
Calendula off. (Pot marigold)
Curcuma longa (turmeric)
Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice)
Matricaria recutita (chamomile)
24
Q

Which herbs are significantly anti-spasmodics in the GI tract?

A 
Ammi visnaga (Khella)
Dioscorea villosa (Wild Yam)
Lobelia inflata (Lobelia)
Matricaria recutita (Chamomile)
Mentha piperita (peppermint)
Viburnum opulus (cramp bark)
25
Q

Ammi visnaga

A

Khella
cool, moist
antispasmodic, diuretic

26
Q

Dioscorea villosa

A

Wild Yam
cool, dry
antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, diaphoretic
specificity: smooth muscle

27
Q

Plantago ovata

A

Psyllium
Caution: take with sufficient fluids!
Indications: chronic constipation, high cholesterol
when easy BMs are desired (Anal fissures, hemorrhoids, IBS, pregnancy, post-rectal surgery…)
Contraindications: GI stenosis, obstruction, DM (poorly controlled)
reduced post-parandial glucose elevations

28
Q

Linum usitatissimum

A

Flaxseed
Indications: chronic constipation, gastritis, enteritis (mucilage), diverticulitis, irritable colon, laxative abuse
Contraindications: Ileus

29
Q

What are some irritant laxative herbs?

A 
Podophyllum (toxic root)
Rhamnus purshiana (cascara)
Cassia senna
Aloe vera (yellow latex, NOT gel)
Rheum off
Ricinus communis
Juglans spp
30
Q

Rhamnus purshiana

A

cascara sacred root (bark)
Contains: anthraquinone glycosides, resins, volatile oil..
Stimulates peristalsis, irritant laxative
Indications: constipation, atonic intestine, chronic hemorroids dt atony, via mother for nursing infant
Contraindications: intestinal obstruction, acute inflammation (Crohns, IBD, Appendicitis….)
*may cause melanosis coli)

31
Q

What are the two types of medicine found in Aloe vera?

A

Gel: bulking agent (immune modulating polysaccharides)

Bitter resin: strong laxative (yellow anthraquinone glycoside)

32
Q

What are some cautions with Carminative use?

A

may lower esophageal pressure, aggravating GERD
carminatives dont treat the underlying condition of chronic gas, they just soothe
use caution with kidney disease pts

33
Q

Glyconda (neutralizing cordial)

A

Mixture of: Turkey rhubarb (Rheum palmatum), Kbicarb, cinnamom, goldenseal, peppermint, glycerin, alcohol, water
Indications: upset stomach, dyspepsia, nausea, gas, bloating, diarrhea

34
Q

What are 3 topical herbs that are indicated in hemorrhoids as astringents?

A

Quercus
Agrimonia
Hammamelis

35
Q

What are some generic topical treatment for hemorroids?

A

black tea bag applied, arnica oil, chamomile/quercus tea, calendula

36
Q

What are some vascular enhancer herbs that might be used in treating hemorroids?

A

Hammamelis, Hypericum, Ruscus, Collinsonia, Aesculus

37
Q

What are some pelvic decongestants that might be used in treating hemorroids?

A

collinsonia, achillea, rosmarinus

38
Q

What are some demulcents that might be used in treating hemorroids?

A

Symphytum, Althea, Cinnamomum

39
Q

What are some liver support herbs that might be used in treating hemorroids?

A

Siybum, Taraxacum

40
Q

Aesculus hippocastanum

A

horse chestnut
Leaves used in bronchitis/whooping cough
venous tonic, reduces capillary permeability, protect CT, Anti-edemic, anti-inflammatory, astringent
Indications: traumas, hematomas, postop swelling, hemorrhoids
Cautions/toxocity: acute renal failure

41
Q

Ruscus aculeatus

A 
Butchers Broom
Indications: varicose veins, hemorrhoids
anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictor, anti-hemorrhagic, vasotonic
steroidal saponins
SAFE IN PREGNANCY
42
Q

Collinsonia canadensis

A

stone root
diuretic, tonic, astringent, hepatic, lithotropic, anti-lithic, carminative, anti-inflammatory
alterative, tonic, stimulant, diuretic
Indications: colic pain, atonic bowels, facilitate digestions, apetite, rectal pain, gastritis, indigestion, constipation…
sensation of congestiong, pooling of blood in center, hemorrhoids w/ sensation of painful constriction of the rectal sphincter

43
Q

Hamamelis virginiana

A

Witch hazel
Astringent, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, wound healing
Indications: venous debility with relaxation, fullness, pale tissues, hemorhoids

44
Q

Agrimonia eupatoria

A

Agrimony
pure astringent, mild antimocrobial
mental tension, caught in a bind, cheerfully tortured

Bot Med II (3 decks)

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