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ALL MDTs for TAV > ---GI---GU---Endo--- > Flashcards

---GI---GU---Endo--- Flashcards

1
Q

Infrequent Stool, excessive straining, sense of incomplete evacuation need for digital manipulation
FEWER THAN 3 STOOLS IN A WEEK

A

Constipation

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2
Q

Dull/aching/throbbing pain before defecation and lessens after but persists between bowel movements,
straining, sneezing, coughing makes it worse
Pain and tenderness interfere with WALKING OR SITTING
Perianal Palpable mass

A

Anorectal Abscess

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3
Q

Midline gluteal crest with one or multiple sinus openings
recurrent infection at base of spine,
Swelling, TTP, pain persistent discharge

A

Pilonidal disease

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4
Q

Located below dentate line
caused by straining, constipation, prolonged sitting, pregnancy, obesity and low fiber diets, visible mass perianal inspection
can have acute onset sever pain, blueish perianal nodule.

A

External hemorrhoids

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5
Q

Sense of fullness anus, mucoid discharge on cloths, painless bright red bleeding prolapse and mucoid discharge
caused by straining, constipation prolonged sitting, obesity, pregnancy and low fiber diets
4 stages

A

Internal hemorrhoids

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6
Q

Involving rectum/left colon BLOODY diarrhea and fecal urgency, LLQ cramps relieved by defecation no significant tenderness
MOSTLY NON SMOKERS

A

Ulcerative Colitis

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7
Q

begins late teens/twenties
abnormal stool passage, bloating/distension, dyspepsia, heart burn, chest pain, HA, fatigue, myalgia, urologic dysfunction, gynecologic symptoms
Intermediate lower ABD pain ONSET associated with defecation frequency and sometimes relieved by defecation
Possible Tender Lower ABD pain

A

irritable Bowel syndrome

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8
Q

Chest pain
30-60min after a meal
Pt complain of regurgitation, dysphagia
associated with ingestion of spicy/acidic/salty/ ETOH

A

GERD

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9
Q

Smokers and long TERM NSAID usage
Men>women
epigastric pain localized not severe DULL/ ACHING HUNGERLIKE
Relief of pain with goods or antacids

A

Peptic Ulcer

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10
Q

Mild-moderate aching ABD with LLQ pain
Constipation/loose stool
N/V/Fever/ LLQ tenderness/Possible palpable mass, stool occult blood is common

A

Diverticulitis

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11
Q

Vague/colicky periumbilical/epigastric pain
Pain shifts to RLQ after 12 hrs
Steady achy with walking or coughing pain
decreased bowels sounds, rectal tenderness, N/anorexia, constipation low grade Fever
POS- Psoas/obturator/McBurney’s point/rebound tenderness/rovsings

A

Appendicitis

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12
Q 
Mild/sudden appearance, steady localized epigastric , Fever/N/V
RUQ ABD tenderness
(POS murphys sign)
leukocytosis after 24-48hrs
Possible palpable mass(gallbladder)
A

Cholecystitis

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13
Q

Acute- sudden
Upper ABD tenderness possible palpable mass
N/V/Fever, tachycardia
hypotension, pallor, cool and clammy
severe weakness/sweating/anxiety
Epigastric ABD pain, STEADY/BORING MADE WORSE BY WALKING/LAYING SUPINE better by SITTING/LEANING FWD

A

Pancreatitis

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14
Q

ETOH/NSAID abuse, Epigastric pain N/V, hematemesis, stress

Diagnosed with Endoscopy

A

Gastritis

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15
Q

history of retching/vomiting/straining

Hematemesis w/w/o melena

A

Mallory wise

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16
Q

Excruciating retrosternal pain due to intrathoracic esophageal perforation
spontaneous perforation from severe straining of esophagus

A

Boerrhave

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17
Q

Melena-black stool
hematemisis-bright red blood vomit
SBP<100 mmhg
Postural hypotension/tachycardia

A

Upper GI

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18
Q

Brown stool mixed or streaked with red blood Or marron stool, or bright red blood on defecation/diarrhea

A

Lower GI

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19
Q 
Fever, Possible hypotension, Patient in fetal position worsens with any 
movement, visible peristalsis
ABSENCE of BM in all 4 quadrants
Absence or dullness to percussion
BOARDLIKE ABDOMENT
SHAKE PELVIS REBOUND TENDERNESS
A

Secondary peritonitis

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20
Q

tachycardia/mild fever
increase in intra ABD pressure reduced muscle tone and other connective
tissue abnormalities force
contents through a widened
internal ring
Palpation- pt coughs/bears down TAPPING sensation at tip of finger

A

indirect inguinal hernia

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21
Q

Male cough/bear down bulge anteriorly
Tachycardia, mild fever
males swelling may extend into the scrotum
acquired defects that do not involve passage through inguinal canal

A

direct inguinal hernia

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22
Q 
confusion, agitation, unresponsive
lethargy, combativeness, seizures
focal neuro deficits
Whipples triad
1.confusion,anxiety,sweating
2.glucose 70mg/dl
3.clinical signs resolve with glucose elevation
A

Hypoglycemia

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23
Q

polyuria, polydipsia
unexplained wt. loss, blurred vision, poor wound healing
candidiasis vaginitis, UTI
Glucose 100-126

A

diabetes 1

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24
Q

40 Y/O > +, obese
polyuria, polydipsia unexplained wt. loss
hypertension, dyslipidemia, retinal blindness, glaucoma/cataracts
LOWER EXTREMITITY ULCERATIONS SECONDARY TO TINEA PEDIS

A

diabetes 2

25
Q

Polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue
N/V, stupor, dehydration, hypotension, tachycardia, mild hypothermia, ABD tenderness
RAPID DEEP BREATHING- FRUITY BREATH

A

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

26
Q

fatigue, lethargy, weakness, hoarseness, dry skin, brady cardia, constipation, depression, wt. gain menorrhagia, cold intolerance
Thin brittle nails, thin hair, pallor, turgor of mucosa
late signs: slow speech, peripheral edema, dyspnea, absent sweating. puffiness of face and eyelids, thick tongue, hard pitting edema

A

Hypothyroidism

27
Q

Sweating, wt. loss, fever, anxiety, nervousness, disorientation, hyperflexia, palpitation, sinus tachycardia, PAC/AFIB, Enlarged and tender thyroid heat intolerance, tremor, stare, menstrual irregularity

A

Hyperthyroidism

28
Q

Diffuse adipose tissue nontender localized to sub areolar region, Asymmetrical, nipple retraction, nipple bleeding or discharge, unusual firmness

A

Gynecomastia

29
Q

Due to physical straining, trauma, sexual activity
fever, flank pain, scrotal swelling, prostate TTP,
Prehn Sign- elevation of scrotum above pubic symphysis
Pain in scrotum radiates along spermatic cord or flank

A

UTI-Epididymitis

30
Q

Sudden Onset
During high humidity or summer months
Sedentary life -hypertension, cardiovascular disease, high protein
and salt intake
LOCALIZED FLANK PAIN CANT FIND A COMFORTABLE POSITION, ipsilateral groin pain may radiate to abdomen

A

Urinary stone

31
Q

Painless enlargement of testis-3-6 months,
sensation of heaviness
Acute testicular pain because of intra testicular hemorrhage

A

Testicular mass

32
Q

Spontaneous or with Trauma
Men<40
Acute/severe scrotal pain following trauma/physical activity, N/V
Negative cremasteric reflex
BELLS CLAPPER- high riding testis oriented transversely

A

Testicular Torsion

33
Q

May cause Urinary retention fibrous constriction of foreskin preventing retraction (stuck forward)

A

Phimosis

34
Q

Possible urinary retention
penis distal to foreskin becomes swollen and painful even gangrenous
Retracted foreskin develops fixed constriction proximal to the glans
(stuck backwards)

A

Paraphimosis

35
Q

Perianal/sacral/suprapubic pain, high fever
irritative voiding symptoms-urgency/frequency/dysuria
prostate swelling lead to urinary retention
WARM AND TENDER PROSTATE

A

Acute prostatitis

36
Q

Low back and perianal pain
suprapubic discomfort
irritating voiding -frequency/urgency/dysuria
PROSTATE MAY BE NORMAL/BOGGY/INDURATED

A

Chronic bacterial prostatitis

37
Q

Fever, flank pain, shaking, chills, N/V/D, tachycardia, costovertebral angle tenderness
Irritative voiding-urgency/frequency/dysuria

A

Pyelonephritis (kidney infection)

38
Q

Pain worsens during premenstrual cycle/multiple and bilateral
Ages 30-50
symptomatic/A
Breast pain/TTP found on accident
Absence of enlarged or tender lymph nodes

A

Fibrocystic

39
Q

Females20 or older\y

Round, Ovoid, rubbery, discrete, relatively mobile, nontender Mass 1-5 cm in in the breast

A

Fibroadenoma

40
Q

Rare lesion in breast
Trauma caused
ecchymosis
mass often accompanied with skin or nipple retraction
commonly seen after fat injections to augment breasts

A

Fat necrosis

41
Q

Painless lump usually found by female patient
SINGLE NONTENDER ILL DEFINED MARGINES
nipple discharge, pain, erosion, retraction, enlargement or itching of nipples
Positive FMHX

A

Female breast carcinoma

42
Q

Increase for patient with prostate cancer
Painless lump usually found by male patient
hard ill defined nontender mass beneath nipple or areola
current/history of gynecomastia

A

Male breast carcinoma

43
Q

History- LMP, recent sex-use of lubricants, contraceptives, tampons, douches
Possible antibiotic use, occlusive cloths
WHITE CURD DISCHARGE NOT SMELLY

A

Vulvovaginal candidiasis

44
Q

Recent medication or antibiotics

increase in malodorous discharge with out obvious vulvitit/vaginitis NOT SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED

A

Bacterial vaginosis

45
Q

STI
women pruritic, malodorous frothy, yellow-green discharge with vaginal swelling
STRAWBERRY CERVIX red macular lesions

A

Trichomonas Vaginalis

46
Q

dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic poain, dyspareunia, abnormal bleeding, maybe asymptomatic
chronic pain and infertility
CERVICAL MOTION TENDERNESS
TENDER NODULES IN CUL-DE-SAC OR RECTOVAGINAL SEPTUM
Adnexal mass or tenderness

A

Endometriosis

47
Q

Most common young women
Multiple sex partners
Fever, chills, purulent cervical discharge,
lower back pain, lower ABD pain, menstrual disturbances, post coital bleeding
changes to urinary frequency

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease

48
Q

Mild nonspecific GI symptoms or pelvic pressure/bloating,

possible palpable mass

A

Ovarian Mass

49
Q

Associated with Hirsutism (dark course hair women’s lip) obesity, cardiovascular disease
CHRONIC ANOVAULATION
menstrual disorders-amenorrhea/menorrhagia
infertility
skin disorders
insulin resistance
hyperandrogenism

A

Polycystic ovarian syndrome

50
Q

Sudden lower quadrant pain
Stabbing no radiation
backache, Adnexal tenderness
2-3 months abnormal menstruation possible infertility
VAGINAL BLEEDING WIHT POS HCG, ABD PAIN UNTIL PROVEN OTHERWISE

A

Ectopic Pregnancy

51
Q

Engorged breast or sore or fissured nipples
Cellulitis is unilateral
fevers, chills
usually 3 months after delivery

A

Mastitis

52
Q

Sudden onset or severe Unilateral ABD pain/Tenderness with guarding
adnexal tenderness on BIMANUAL EXAM
70% on right side
N/V

A

Ovarian Torsion

53
Q

Amenorrhea, N/V, Breast tenderness, tingling, urinary frequency/urgency,
Wt. gain, softening of cervix at 7 wks.
QUICKENING PRECEPTION OF 1ST MOVEMENT AT 18 WKS

A

Intrauterine Pregnancy

54
Q

Painful swelling on either side of introitus,
fluctuant swelling 1-4 cm in diameter
later to either labiumminus
dyspareunia

A

Bartholin gland Abscess

55
Q

emotion/mood predominates along with physical symptoms clear functional impairment of work relationships

Bloating/breast pain, ankle swelling
sense of increased wt
skin disorders, irritability/aggressiveness
depression/ability to concentrate
libido, lethargy
A

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

“PMDD”

56
Q

Recurrent cluster of troublesome physical/emotional symptoms develop during 5 days before onset of menses

Bloating/breast pain, ankle swelling
sense of increased wt.
skin disorders, irritability/aggressiveness
depression/ability to concentrate
libido, lethargy
A

Premenstrual syndrome

“PMS”

57
Q

lactation not associated w/child birth
Possible
pituitary tumors, Cushing syndrome, hypoglycemia
Drugs: phenothiazines, tricyclics, antidepressants, and estrogens

A

Galactorrhea

58
Q

surface manifestation of underlying ductal carcinoma
red scaling, crusty patch forms on the nipples, areola and surround skin. Lesions appear eczematous and usually unilateral

A

Pagets disease

ALL MDTs for TAV (4 decks)

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