gi facts Flashcards
what problem
starts abruptly reaching max intensity within 60 minutes and is a constant pain lasting up to 6 hours
located right hypochondrial but can also be felt in the epigastric or left sided occasioanlyl being retrosternal pain
associated with nausea and vomiting and may radiate to the back along the subcostal margin
no guarding or rebound,, no fever
slight sinus tachy
biliary colic
r hyochondrial pain that can also be epigastric and left sided.
The pain radiates to tip of shoulder blade and is onstant lasting over 12 hours.
It is assoicated with N and V and a distended abdomen is noted. Guarding and positive murphys sign( breathe in with hand on right costal margin) with slight fever.
tahcycardia
anoxeria
normal bowel habit
acute cholecystitis
rare sign associated with acute cholecystitis
Boas sign
what is boas sign
area of hyperaesthesia at the site of radiation of the pain to the back - typically below the scapula
upper abdo pain radiating to back. can go to shoulder too.
sudden onset and relived by sitting forward. history og gall bladder disease and alcohol abuse.
N and V
mild jaundice, dimished bowel sounds, may develp basal creps , fever an dhypotension
acute pancreatitis
grey turners sign and cullen ( umbilical) and shock
mx of acute pancreatitis
fluid resus
monitor uirne output
analgesia
nutrioon - enteral andnill by mouht
surgery if stones
intially central abdo discomfort potential colickly
shifts to RIF over hours
becomes more intense and constant
associated with N&V, anoxeria and constipation
shallow breathing and tachycardia, fever, halistosis, furred tongue and flsuhed
tender, guarding ,rigidity and tenderness on percussion , pain on voluntary cough
acute appendicitis
what are special signs in acute appendiciits
rovsing sing - LIF fooa press greater pain on right
obturator sign - RIF pain with internal rotation of the flexed right jp with a retrocaecal appendix
psoas sign - RIF pain with hyperextnesion of right hip with retrocaecal appednix
varying bowel frequency assciated with diarrhoea and blood in the stool. lots of mucus too.
abdo pain in LIF associated with fever , WL, pallor and abdo tenderness.
had fialure to thrive as kid
UC
abdo pain - RIF
WL, diarrhoea, lassitude( lack of energy) , anoxeria, malaise and fever
mouth ulcers and abcesses. can hvae rectal bleeding.
Crohns
hx of vascular disease or DM
can follow aortic aneurysm surgery
cramping left sided abdo pain
dark red rectal bleeding occuring multiple times each day without faces.
ischaemic colitis
recent abx use and in hospital
had diarrhoea and fever with abdo cramps associated with nausea, malaise and anoxeria.
pseudomonas colitis
RF for cancer of the colon
low fibre diet
familial polyposis coli
UC
adenomatous ppolyps
gardner syndrome
most sigmoid and rectal
sx of cancer of colon
tiredness, anxoeria, WL, abdo pain, change in bowel habit, rectal bleeding, passing mucus, tenesmus, bowel obstruction
pallor, mass, blood and mucus on PR , cachexia, jaundice, hepatomegaly, ascites
LIF pain episodic
alternating diarrhoea and constipation
systemically unwell with pyrexia and tenderness
rectal bleeding and a little bit of bowel obstruction
rigiidy and rebound with lcoalised abescess or generalised periotnitis
diverticular disease
perforation - paracolic abscess and peritonities
fistula - bladder - cystitis and pneumaturia and if vaginal faceulent discharge
