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OSCE > derm > Flashcards

derm Flashcards

1
Q

macule

A

flat, nonpalpable lesions usually < 1cm in diameter.
just a change in colour

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2
Q

patch

A

A patch is a large macule. Examples include freckles, flat moles, tattoos, and port-wine stains,

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3
Q

flat, nonpalpable lesions usually < 1cm in diameter.
just a change in colour

A

macule

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4
Q

flat areas of altered colour over 1m

A

patch

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5
Q

things to include when describing a skin lesion (7)

A

distribution and number
size - measure
shape eg linear, target annular
border - defined
discrete vs confluent
colour and pigmentation
symmetry

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6
Q

papule

A

Papules are elevated lesions usually < 10 mm in diameter that can be felt or palpated

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7
Q

elevated lesions usually < 1cm in diameter that can be felt or palpate

A

papule

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8
Q

examples of papules

A

nevi, warts, lichen planus, insect bites, seborrheic keratoses, actinic keratoses, some lesions of acne, and skin cancers

cuminate (pointed)
Dome-shaped (rounded)
Filiform (thread-like)
Flat-topped
Oval or round
Pedunculated (with a stalk)
Sessile (without a stalk)
Umbilicated (with a central depression)
Verrucous (warty)

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9
Q

what are palques

A

laques are palpable lesions > 10 mm in diameter that are elevated or depressed compared to the skin surface. Plaques may be flat topped or rounded.

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10
Q

palpable lesions > 10 mm in diameter that are elevated or depressed compared to the skin surface

A

plaque

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11
Q

what is a nodule and exampels

A

Nodules are firm papules or lesions that extend into the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. Examples include cysts, lipomas, and fibromas.

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12
Q

what are vesicles

A

Vesicles are small, clear, fluid-filled blisters <10 mm in diameter.

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13
Q

small, clear, fluid-filled blisters < 1cm in diameter.

A

vesicle

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14
Q

Vesicles are characteristic of what type of infections

A

herpes

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15
Q

what are bullae

A

Bullae are clear fluid-filled blisters > 10 mm in diameter.

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16
Q

clear fluid-filled blisters > 1cm in diameter.

A

bullae

17
Q

examples of skin condtions causing bullae

A

These may be caused by burns, bites, irritant contact dermatitis or allergic contact dermatitis, and drug reactions. Classic autoimmune bullous diseases include pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. Bullae also may occur in inherited disorders of skin fragility.

18
Q

what is a pustule

A

Pustules are vesicles that contain pus

19
Q

vesicles that contain pus

A

pustule

20
Q

exmaples of pusutles

A

bacterial infections and folliculitis and may arise in some inflammatory disorders including pustular psoriasis.

21
Q

elevated lesions caused by localized edema. Wheals are pruritic and red. Wheals are a common manifestation of hypersensitivity to drugs, stings or bites, autoimmunity, and, less commonly, physical stimuli including temperature, pressure, and sunlight. The typical wheal lasts < 24 hours.

A

Urticaria (wheals or hives) is characterized

22
Q

heaped-up accumulations of horny epithelium that occur in disorders such as psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, and fungal infections. Pityriasis rosea and chronic dermatitis

A

scale

23
Q

what is an erosion

A

open areas of skin that result from loss of part or all of the epidermis

24
Q

open areas of skin that result from loss of part or all of the epidermis

A

erosion

25
Q

nonblanchable punctate foci of hemorrhage.

A

petechiae

26
Q

purpura

A

larger area of hemorrhage that may be palpable. Palpable purpura is considered the hallmark of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Purpura may indicate a coagulopathy. Large areas of purpura may be called ecchymoses or, colloquially, bruises.

does not blanch

27
Q

permanently dilated blood vessels that may occur in areas of sun damage seen in rosacea

A

telangiectases

28
Q

Linear lesions take on the shape of a straight line and are suggestive of some forms of

A

contact dermatitis

29
Q

Annular lesions are rings with central clearing. Examples include

A

secodnary sphylisis adn tinea ringowrm

30
Q

Target (bull’s-eye or iris) lesions appear as rings with central duskiness and are classic for

A

erythema multiform

31
Q

Umbilicated lesions

A

central indentation and are usually viral. Examples include molluscum contagiosum and herpes simplex.

32
Q

Herpetiform describes grouped

A

papules or vesicles arranged like those of a herpes simplex infection.

33
Q

lichen plaunus normally arises where

A

wrists, forearms, genitals, and lower legs.

34
Q

vitiligo normally airses where

A

distal extremities and face, particularly around the eyes and mouth.

35
Q

green fingernails suggests what type of infection

A

pseudomonas

OSCE (8 decks)

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