derm Flashcards
macule
flat, nonpalpable lesions usually < 1cm in diameter.
just a change in colour
patch
A patch is a large macule. Examples include freckles, flat moles, tattoos, and port-wine stains,
flat, nonpalpable lesions usually < 1cm in diameter.
just a change in colour
macule
flat areas of altered colour over 1m
patch
things to include when describing a skin lesion (7)
distribution and number
size - measure
shape eg linear, target annular
border - defined
discrete vs confluent
colour and pigmentation
symmetry
papule
Papules are elevated lesions usually < 10 mm in diameter that can be felt or palpated
elevated lesions usually < 1cm in diameter that can be felt or palpate
papule
examples of papules
nevi, warts, lichen planus, insect bites, seborrheic keratoses, actinic keratoses, some lesions of acne, and skin cancers
cuminate (pointed)
Dome-shaped (rounded)
Filiform (thread-like)
Flat-topped
Oval or round
Pedunculated (with a stalk)
Sessile (without a stalk)
Umbilicated (with a central depression)
Verrucous (warty)
what are palques
laques are palpable lesions > 10 mm in diameter that are elevated or depressed compared to the skin surface. Plaques may be flat topped or rounded.
palpable lesions > 10 mm in diameter that are elevated or depressed compared to the skin surface
plaque
what is a nodule and exampels
Nodules are firm papules or lesions that extend into the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. Examples include cysts, lipomas, and fibromas.
what are vesicles
Vesicles are small, clear, fluid-filled blisters <10 mm in diameter.
small, clear, fluid-filled blisters < 1cm in diameter.
vesicle
Vesicles are characteristic of what type of infections
herpes
what are bullae
Bullae are clear fluid-filled blisters > 10 mm in diameter.
clear fluid-filled blisters > 1cm in diameter.
bullae
examples of skin condtions causing bullae
These may be caused by burns, bites, irritant contact dermatitis or allergic contact dermatitis, and drug reactions. Classic autoimmune bullous diseases include pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. Bullae also may occur in inherited disorders of skin fragility.
what is a pustule
Pustules are vesicles that contain pus
vesicles that contain pus
pustule
exmaples of pusutles
bacterial infections and folliculitis and may arise in some inflammatory disorders including pustular psoriasis.
elevated lesions caused by localized edema. Wheals are pruritic and red. Wheals are a common manifestation of hypersensitivity to drugs, stings or bites, autoimmunity, and, less commonly, physical stimuli including temperature, pressure, and sunlight. The typical wheal lasts < 24 hours.
Urticaria (wheals or hives) is characterized
heaped-up accumulations of horny epithelium that occur in disorders such as psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, and fungal infections. Pityriasis rosea and chronic dermatitis
scale
what is an erosion
open areas of skin that result from loss of part or all of the epidermis
open areas of skin that result from loss of part or all of the epidermis
erosion
nonblanchable punctate foci of hemorrhage.
petechiae
purpura
larger area of hemorrhage that may be palpable. Palpable purpura is considered the hallmark of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Purpura may indicate a coagulopathy. Large areas of purpura may be called ecchymoses or, colloquially, bruises.
does not blanch
permanently dilated blood vessels that may occur in areas of sun damage seen in rosacea
telangiectases
Linear lesions take on the shape of a straight line and are suggestive of some forms of
contact dermatitis
Annular lesions are rings with central clearing. Examples include
secodnary sphylisis adn tinea ringowrm
Target (bull’s-eye or iris) lesions appear as rings with central duskiness and are classic for
erythema multiform
Umbilicated lesions
central indentation and are usually viral. Examples include molluscum contagiosum and herpes simplex.
Herpetiform describes grouped
papules or vesicles arranged like those of a herpes simplex infection.
lichen plaunus normally arises where
wrists, forearms, genitals, and lower legs.
vitiligo normally airses where
distal extremities and face, particularly around the eyes and mouth.
green fingernails suggests what type of infection
pseudomonas
