GI drugs

Question 1

-Drug: Cimetidine

- Uses:
   •Gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer
   • Gastric reflux
   •heartburn & indigestion
   • Relieves pain in days
   •heals ulcers in weeks-months

-AVE:
• rare- confusion, dizziness, agitation

-Blocks 40-70% of H+ secretion

Answer 1

Histamin 2 (H2) blockers/Rec. Antagonists

Question 2

How do you treat peptic ulcer disease?

Answer 2

- Meds to ↓ stomach acid
   • antibiotics
   • proton-pump inhibitor (PPI)
   • penicillin
   • antidioarrhoel
   • Antacid
   • endoscopy

Question 3

• Drugs:
  • ends in “PRAZOLE”
  •omePRAZOLE, esomePRAZOLE, iansoPRAZOLE, pantoPRAZOLE (drug of choice)
• MOA: inhibit 70-90% acid secretion

- AVE:
   • Gastric atrophy
   • GI infections
   • Pneumonia
   • Bone fractures

Answer 3

Proton-Pum Inhibitors (PPIs)

Question 4

• Bulk forming
• Stool softener
• Osmotic
• Stimulant

Answer 4

Types of Laxatives

Question 5

• Drug: *Psyllium
• MOA: Polysaccharides and celluloses swell in H20 → form a gel to soften and ↑ fecal mass
• stool production: 1-3 days
• AVE:
  • gas
  • bloating
  • intestinal obstruction

Answer 5

Laxative: Bulk forming

Question 6

• Drug: *Docusate

- MOA: ↑ entry of H20 into feces → block fluid absorption and soften/lubricate feces

Answer 6

Laxative: Stool softener

Question 7

• *Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Mg in the Pm for a BM)
• MOA:
  • Osmotic effect to retain fluid in intestine
  • soften/expand fecal mass
  • ↑ peristalsis
• stool production: 3-12 hrs
• Adverse Effects:
  • cramps
  • fluid loss
  • electrolyte imbalance
• caution: pts w/ renal failure
• pt must ↑ fluid intake

Answer 7

Laxative: Osmotic

Question 8

• Drugs: *Bisacodyl, *Senna
• MOA:
  • directly ↑ intestinal motility
  • ↑ secretion of fluid and electrolytes
• stool production: 3-12 hrs

-AVE: 
   • cramps
   • watery stool
   • nausea
   • dehydration    
   • colitis
   • electrolyte imbalance 

*Dependence

Answer 8

Laxative: Stimuant