GI diseases

Question 1

define ulcer

Answer 1

loss of surface epithelium w diff degrees of sub epithelial tissue

Question 2

peptic ulcer causes

Answer 2

combination of H pylori + hyperacidity

Question 3

peptic ulcer - symptoms

Answer 3

pain at stomach, chest pain after meals
nausea, vomiting, bleeding and anaemia
if male has low iron think GI bleed

Question 4

peptic ulcer - pathogenesis

Answer 4

gram neg bacteria, rod shaped, flagella to move through mucous, adhesions to attach to cells, urease to neutralise pH around it
causes inflammation
increases chances of gastric adenocarcinoma

Question 5

peptic ulcer - treatment

Answer 5

triple therapy
omeprazol to decrease acidity
combined with 2 antibiotics to treat infection and prevent recurrence

Question 6

crohn’s disease - fts

Answer 6

anus to mouth
cobblestone
stricture
skip lesion
TH1 inflammation = caseating granulomas
transmural
deep narrow fissures = fistula
crypt abscess

Question 7

crohn’s disease - complications

Answer 7

perforation
periodic abscess
fistula
increased colorectal cancer risk in colon, decreased absorption at SI

Question 8

ulcerative colitis - fts

Answer 8

large shallow ulcerations
pseudopolyps (regeneratign muscosa surrounded by shallow ulcerations
continuous inflammation
mucosa mostly, some submucosa
TH2
crypt abscess - neutrophil infiltrate

Question 9

UC - complications

Answer 9

perforation BIUG risk for colorectal cancer