GI Definitions Flashcards
Describe acholic stools
Are white and clay colored stools which result from absence of secretion of bile into the GI tract
Describe acute abdomen
Any serous acute intra-abdominal condition (for example appendicitis) attended by pain, tenderness, and muscular rigidity and for which emergency surgery must be considered
What is cachexia?
A profound and marked state of constitutional disorders, general ill health and malnutrition
What is coffee ground emesis?
Denotes blood congealed and separated within gastric contents that takes the form of coffee grounds when in contact with acidic environment
What does colic mean?
Acute paroxysmal abdominal pain
What is dyspepsia?
Postprandial epigastric discomfort
What is dysphagia?
Difficulty swallowing
What is esophagitis?
Inflammation of the esophagus
What is ERCP?
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
What is flatus?
Gas or air in the GI tract expelled through the anus
What is gastritis?
Inflammation of the stomach with distinctive histological and endoscopic features
What is guarding?
Protective response in muscle resulting from pain or fear of movement (voluntary vs involuntary)
What is hematemesis?
Vomiting blood
What is hematochezia?
Passage of bright red blood or marron stools
What is icterus (aka jaundice)?
Yellowish staining of the integument, sclera, and deeper tissues and of the excretions with bile pigments which are increased in plasma
What is melena?
Dark colored stool consistent with broken down hemodiserin in bowel
Typically malodorous, sticky, thick like past, tarry
What is pneuomobilia?
Abnormal presence of gas in the biliary system/biliary ducts
What is pneumomediastinum?
Abnormal presence of air or gas in the mediastinum, may interfere with respiration and circulation, may lead to pneumothorax or pneumopericardium, occur spontaneously or as a result of trauma or pathology or after diagnostic procedure
What is pneumoperitoneum?
Abnormal presence of air or gas in the peritoneal cavity
What is UGIB?
Upper GI bleed
What is an ulcer?
Local defect or excavation of the surface of an organ or tissue that is produced by the sloughing (shedding) or inflamed necrotic tissue
What is uterolithiasis?
Stone from kidney making its way through ureter to bladder, urine analysis will show hematuria
What is Virchow’s node?
Palpable mass, LN, in the left supraclavicular/sternoclavicular fossa
