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GIGU Exam 1 > GI Definitions > Flashcards

GI Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Describe acholic stools

A

Are white and clay colored stools which result from absence of secretion of bile into the GI tract

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2
Q

Describe acute abdomen

A

Any serous acute intra-abdominal condition (for example appendicitis) attended by pain, tenderness, and muscular rigidity and for which emergency surgery must be considered

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3
Q

What is cachexia?

A

A profound and marked state of constitutional disorders, general ill health and malnutrition

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4
Q

What is coffee ground emesis?

A

Denotes blood congealed and separated within gastric contents that takes the form of coffee grounds when in contact with acidic environment

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5
Q

What does colic mean?

A

Acute paroxysmal abdominal pain

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6
Q

What is dyspepsia?

A

Postprandial epigastric discomfort

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7
Q

What is dysphagia?

A

Difficulty swallowing

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8
Q

What is esophagitis?

A

Inflammation of the esophagus

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9
Q

What is ERCP?

A

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

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10
Q

What is flatus?

A

Gas or air in the GI tract expelled through the anus

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11
Q

What is gastritis?

A

Inflammation of the stomach with distinctive histological and endoscopic features

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12
Q

What is guarding?

A

Protective response in muscle resulting from pain or fear of movement (voluntary vs involuntary)

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13
Q

What is hematemesis?

A

Vomiting blood

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14
Q

What is hematochezia?

A

Passage of bright red blood or marron stools

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15
Q

What is icterus (aka jaundice)?

A

Yellowish staining of the integument, sclera, and deeper tissues and of the excretions with bile pigments which are increased in plasma

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16
Q

What is melena?

A

Dark colored stool consistent with broken down hemodiserin in bowel
Typically malodorous, sticky, thick like past, tarry

17
Q

What is pneuomobilia?

A

Abnormal presence of gas in the biliary system/biliary ducts

18
Q

What is pneumomediastinum?

A

Abnormal presence of air or gas in the mediastinum, may interfere with respiration and circulation, may lead to pneumothorax or pneumopericardium, occur spontaneously or as a result of trauma or pathology or after diagnostic procedure

19
Q

What is pneumoperitoneum?

A

Abnormal presence of air or gas in the peritoneal cavity

20
Q

What is UGIB?

A

Upper GI bleed

21
Q

What is an ulcer?

A

Local defect or excavation of the surface of an organ or tissue that is produced by the sloughing (shedding) or inflamed necrotic tissue

22
Q

What is uterolithiasis?

A

Stone from kidney making its way through ureter to bladder, urine analysis will show hematuria

23
Q

What is Virchow’s node?

A

Palpable mass, LN, in the left supraclavicular/sternoclavicular fossa

GIGU Exam 1 (19 decks)

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