GI Antibiotics Flashcards
1
Q
Acute Simple Appendicitis (no presence of abscess, or perforation)
A
- Cefoxitin 2g IV q6 hours OR
- Cefotetan 2g IV q12 hours OR
- Moxifloxacin 400mg IV once daily OR
- Ertapenem 1g IV once daily
2
Q
Complicated Appendicitis
(presence of abscess, perforation)
A
- Metronidazole 500 mg IV q8hrs +
- Cefepime 50 mg/kg IV q12hrs OR
- Ciprofloxacin 400 mg IV q12hrs OR
- Levofloxacin 750 mg IV q24hrs OR
- Aztreonam 30 mg/kg IV q8hrs
- Imipenem/Cilastatin 25 mg/kg IV q6hrs (max 500mg)
- Meropenem 20 mg/kg IV q8hrs (max 1g)
- Piperacillin/Tazobactam 100 mg/kg (max 4.5g) IV q8hrs
3
Q
Cholecystitis (uncomplicated)
A
- Ertapenem 1g IV once daily OR
- Metronidazole 500mg IV q8hrs PLUS
- Ciprofloxacin 400mg IV q12 hrs OR
- Levofloxacin 750mg IV q24hrs OR
- Ceftriaxone 1g IV q24hrs
4
Q
C. Difficile infection
A
Mild/Moderate Infection
- Vancomycin 125 mg PO four times daily
- Fidaxomicin 200 mg PO two times daily
- Metronidazole 500mg PO or IV q6hr x10-14d (third line therapy)
Serious Infection
- Vancomycin 125-250mg PO q6hr x10d (IV form is not effective)
- Add Metronidazole 500mg IV q6hr if ileus or patient cannot tolerate PO
5
Q
Diverticulitis
A
- Metronidazole 500mg PO + Ciprofloxacin 500mg PO BID x10-14days
- Amoxicillin/clavulanate 875.125 PO BID x10-14d
- Trimethoprim/sulfa + metronidazole 500mg
6
Q
Campylobacter jejuni - infectious diarrhea
A
- Erythromycin 500mg PO BID x 5 days
- Ciprofloxacin 500mg PO BID x 5 days OR
- Azithromycin 500mg PO once daily x 5 days
7
Q
Entamoeba histolytica
A
- Metronidazole 750mg PO three times daily for 5-10 days PLUS
- Paromomycin 500mg q8hrs for 7 days OR
- Iodoquinol 650mg q 8hrs daily 20 days
8
Q
Giardia lamblia
A
- Metronidazole 250mg PO q8hrs for 7-10days
- Tinidazole 2g PO once
9
Q
Microsporidium
(higher suspicion with HIV patients and diarrhea)
A
Albendazole 400mg PO BIDx21day + HAART therapy
10
Q
Salmonella
A
Tx if immunocompromised.
- TMP/SMX 1 DS tab PO BID x 5 days
- Ceftriaxone 2g IV once daily x 5 days
- Levofloxacin 500mg PO once daily x 5 days
- Ciprofloxacin 500mg PO BID x 5 days
11
Q
Shigella. Tx if immunocompromised
A
- Ciprofloxacin 500mg PO BID x 5 days
- TMP/SMX 1 DS tab PO BID x 5 days
- Levofloxacin 500mg PO once daily x 5 days
- Azithromycin 500mg PO daily x 5 days
12
Q
Vibrio Cholerae
A
- Doxycycline 300mg PO as single dose
- TMP/SMX 1 tablet (5mg/kg) PO BID daily x 3 daily
- Azithromycin 20mg/kg (1g) PO once
13
Q
Traveler’s Diarrhea (ETEC)
A
- Ciprofloxain 750mg PO QD x1-3day
- Azithromycin 500mg PO q24h x 3days
- Rifaximin 200mg TID x 3day
