GI anomalies in childhood

Question 1

Meckel’s diverticulum

Answer 1

common congenital abnormality in the small intestine

caused by persistence of the vitelline duct. found 100cm from the ileocecal valve on the antimesteric border of the ileum and is usually 2 inches long.

can contain ectopic gastric mucosa and can ulcerate from the acid produced by parietal cells.

asymptomatic, painless rectal bleeding, signs of obstruction. can resemble appendicitis with RIF pain

tx: excision of the diverticulum and its adjacent ileal segment

Question 2

gastroschisis

Answer 2

congenital vental abdominal wall defect (para umbilical) where part of the bowel and sometimes stomach and liver, herniate through the defect outside oath e body.

organs are not convered by a membrane so they’re exposed to the amniotic fluid which makes them irritated.

correct with surgery

Question 3

pyloric stenosis

Answer 3

congenital conditions associated with hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle
presents age 4-8 weeks
projectile non bilous vomiting

Question 4

trachea-oesophageal fistual

Answer 4

communication between oesophagus and treachea

respiratory distress

Question 5

omphalocele

Answer 5

abdominal wall defect in the midline where the gut fails to reutrn through the umbilicus to the abdominal cavity during embryonal development so herniates out of the body.

protruded organs are covered by membrane

Question 6

oesophageal atresia

Answer 6

congenital condition
oesophageal tube is interrupted and becomes a blind ended pouch

associated with polyhydraminios
increased oral secretions and drooling

baby regurgitates, chokes and has difficulty maintaining airway (can lead to respiratory distress and aspiration pneumonia)

surgical tx