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Renal/Reproductive--my flashcards > GI Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

GI Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Parietal cells

A

Hydrochloric acid

Intrinsic factor necessary to absorb vitamin B12

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2
Q

Chief cells at base

A

Pepsinogen

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3
Q

Enteroendocrine cells in pylorus

A

serotonin, gastrin

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4
Q

Exocrine portion of pancreas

A

acinar-secrete digestive enzymes

duct cells- secrete aqueous NaHCO3 solution

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5
Q

Function of liver

A

Bile formation and secretion into bile canaliculi

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6
Q

Chemical digestion begins with secretions of salivary glands via?

A

salivary amylase

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7
Q

bolus

A

salivary glands dissolve and moisten food–bind food into bolus.

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8
Q

3 salivary glands

A

parotid
sublingual
submandibular

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9
Q

saliva aka

A

deglutition

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10
Q

histology of esophagus

A

stratified squamous

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11
Q

Swallowing phases

A
  1. Buccal Phase
  2. Pharyngeal Phase
  3. Esophageal phase
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12
Q

serotonin

A

is at juncture helping with gut motility and tone.

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13
Q

Regulation of gastric activity 3 phases:

A
  1. cephalic phase (receive)
  2. Gastric phase (liquify)
  3. Intestinal phase (digestion)
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14
Q

segments of small intestine

A

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

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15
Q

Peristalsis vs. segmentation

A

peristalsis-moves food

segmentation-breaks up food

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16
Q

Modification of Absorption (to absorb food well)

A

Length
Circular folds (plicae circulares)
Vili
Microvilli

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17
Q

Paneth cells

A

have anti-microbial effects found only in small intestine

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18
Q

Cells in stomach

A

goblet cells and enteroendocrine cells

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19
Q

What layer would you find glands

A

submucosa

20
Q

Pancreatic alpha-amylase

A

A carbohydrase
Breaks down starches
similar to salivary amylase

21
Q

Pancreatic Lipase

A 
Breaks down complex lipids
Releases products (e.g. fatty acids) that are easily absorbed
22
Q

Nucleases

A

breaks down nucleic acids

23
Q

Proteolytic Enzymes, such as trypsin

A

Proteases break large protein complexes

Peptidases break small peptides into aa

24
Q

In pancreas, duct cells

A

secrete aqueous NaHCO3 solution

25
Q

In pancreas, acinar cells

A

secrete digestive enzymes

26
Q

Exocrine portion of pancrease includes

A

duct cells and acinar cells

27
Q

Accessory organs

A

pancreas, liver, gall bladder

28
Q

Enzyme that digests proteins into peptides

A

trypsin

29
Q

Function of digestive system

A

mechanical processing
absorption
compaction
ingestion

30
Q

Layer of loose CT that directly supports the digestive epithelium is the

A

lamina propria (muscoa)

31
Q

lumen to deepest layer

A

digestive epithelium–>lamina propria–>muscularis mucosae–>submucosa–>muscularis externa–>serosa

32
Q

haustra

A

gives you time to appropriately desicate.

33
Q

Function of oral cavity

A

analysis of material before swallowing
mechanical processing of food
lubrication
digestion of carbohydrates

34
Q

Liver functions

A

metabolic regulation
hematological regulation
bile production
albumin production for blood osmotic pressure

35
Q

Hepatic traid found at the edges of a liver lobule?

A
  1. hepatic portal vein (blood–>liver)
  2. hepatic artery
  3. bile duct
36
Q

Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates

A

gallbladder to release bile

37
Q

Brunner glands are characteris of the

A

duodenum

38
Q

Secretin

A

highly impacts levels of bicarbonates and other pancreatic buffers. (Increases pancreatic buffers)
Increases bile production

39
Q

Gastic inhibtory peptide (GIP)

A

inhibits gastrin (when you have fatty large foods need this)

40
Q

CCK

A

Increases pancreatic enzymes. Will make bile available because will squeeze down on gallbladder.

41
Q

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)

A

target capillaries and small vessels in the intestine and cause them to be dilated.

42
Q

Enterocrinin

A

Stimulate mucin production.

43
Q

Gastrin

A

stimulate parietal and chief cells.

44
Q

Renal corpuscle function

A

massive filtration.

45
Q

brush border enzymes

A

Aides in digestion, abundantly expressed on the luminal edge by the microvilli

Renal/Reproductive--my flashcards (5 decks)

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