falciform ligament - to anterior body wall - vertical, between lobes coronary ligament - to diaphragm - horizontal, above liver

- superior mesenteric artery - unpaired branch of aorta - emerges from under pancreas and goes over duodenum one part of duodenal "sandwich" (other being celiac artery)

GI anatomy Flashcards by Emma Moulton

parts of stomach

pylorus
body
fundus

greater curvature
lesser curvature

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arteries of greater and lesser curvature

greater curvature: right and left gastric arteries

lesser curvature: right and left gastroepiploic arteries

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left gastroepiploic artery

in lesser curvature
branch of splenic artery

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right gastroepiploic artery

in lesser curvature
branch of gastroduodenal a.
which branches from common hepatic a.

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parts of small intestine

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

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structures of inferior surface of liver

gallbladder
cystic duct
common hepatic duct
common bile duct

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parts of pancreas

head
neck
body
tail

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arterial supply tail of pancreas

branches of splenic artery

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arterial supply head of pancreas

pancreatic-duodenal arteries

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4 lobes of liver

right
left
caudate - inferior aspect
quadrate - inferior aspect

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ligaments of liver

falciform ligament

to anterior body wall
vertical, between lobes

coronary ligament

to diaphragm
horizontal, above liver

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components of porta hepatis

proper hepatic artery
portal vein
common bile duct

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tributaries of portal vein

superior mesenteric vein
splenic vein

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between duodenum and jejunum

duodeno-jejunal junction

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between ileum and cecum

ileocecal junction

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cecum

pouch at beginning of ascending colon

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parts of colon

cecum
ascending colon
transverse colon
descending colon
(rectum)

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bend of ascending colon

hepatic flexure

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transverse colon is between ____

hepatic and splenic flexures

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appendix

extends from cecum
may be retrocecal or pelvic
other orientations also possible

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SMA

superior mesenteric artery
unpaired branch of aorta
emerges from under pancreas and goes over duodenum

one part of duodenal “sandwich” (other being celiac artery)

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intestinal branches of SMA

ileocolic artery: ileocecal area
middle colic: transverse colon
right colic artery: ascending colon

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arterial supply of ileocecal area

ileocolic artery
- intestinal branch of SMA

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arterial supply of transverse colon

middle colic artery
- intestinal branch of SMA

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arterial supply of ascending colon

right colic artery - intestinal branch of SMA

SMV is tributary to

portal vein which is tributary to IVC (SMV = superior mesenteric vein)

bend of transverse colon near spleen

splenic flexure

structure of descending colon

tenia coli = smooth muscle running along length, look almost like tendons haustra = sacs epiploic appendages = small, fat-filled sacs

S shaped part of colon, after descending colon

sigmoid colon

inferior mesenteric artery

unpaired branch of aorta superior to bifurcation of aorta

unpaired branches of aorta

superior to inferior: - Celiac artery - superior mesenteric artery - inferior mesenteric artery

arterial supply of left splenic flexure

left colic artery

arterial supply of sigmoid colon

sigmoidal arteries

anastomosis of middle and left colic arteries

marginal artery | (middle = branch of SMA; left = branch of IMA)

clinical significance of marginal artery

aortic dissection repair inferior mesenteric artery may need to be removed so anastomosis allows hindgut to still receive blood supply, now mostly from SMA

inferior mesenteric vein is tributary to ____ \_\_\_ and ___ are tributary to inferior mesenteric vein

...

arterial supply of foregut

celiac artery

arterial supply of midgut

SMA

arterial supply of hindgut

inferior mesenteric artery

nerve supply of foregut

celiac plexus

nerve supply of midgut

superior mesenteric plexus

nerve supply of hindgut

inferior mesenteric plexus

tributaries of common bile duct

cystic duct (gallbladder) and common hepatic duct (liver)

branches of celiac trunk

left gastric artery splenic artery common hepatic artery, branches to: - hepatic artery proper - gastroduodenal artery

trace tributaries of portal vein through to IVC

superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein to portal vein portal vein to liver for detox hepatic veins drain liver they are tributary to IVC

nerve and arterial supply to the mucosa over the hard palate

greater palatine nerve (branch of PPG) greater palatine a. (branch of descending palatine a.)

nerve and arterial supply to mucosa over soft palate

lesser palatine nerve (branch of PPG) lesser palatine a. (branch of descending palatine a.)

muscle of uvula

muscularis uvuale

also function of indicated muscle

tenses soft palate during swallowing

also function

elevates soft palate during swallowing

also, name when covered with mucosa

when covered with mucosa, palatopharyngeal arch

innervation musculus uvulae

CN 9 via 10

innervation levator veli palatini

CN 9 via 10

palatopharyngeus innervation

CN 9 via 10

palatoglossus innervation

CN 9 via 10

innervation tensor veli palatini

medial pterygoid nerve of CN V3

where to find glossopharyngeal nerve CN 9

deep to palatine tonsil

also function

myeLo-hyoid depresses mandible

innervation myeLohyoid

nerve to myeLohyoid

also function

ge-nI-o-hyoid depresses mandible

also fx

hYO-glossus depresses and retracts tongue

hYOglossus innervation

hyPO-glossal nerve (CN 12)

also fx

elevates posterior corners of tongue to create central trough during swallowing

styloglossus innervation

CN 12 hypoglossal nerve

also fx

constricts oropharyngeal isthmus

palatoglossus innervation

CN 11 glossopharyngeal via CN 10

genio-GLOSSUS depresses and protrudes the tongue

genio-GLOSSUS innervation

CN 12 hypoglossal nerve

orientations of intrinsic muscles of the tongue

superior longitudinal fibers inferior longitudinal fibers vertical fibers transverse fibers (ID by location)

fiber types lingual nerve

1. para pre (before submandibular ganglion; back of tongue) 2. para post (after submandibular ganglion) 3. special sensory taste fibers 4. somatic sensory fibers

what lingual nerve innervates

submandibular, sublingual, minor salivary, and mucus glands

lingual nerve branches from

chorda tympani

the lingual nerve passes ____ to the submandibular duct

inferior to (it is superior prior to crossing and travels more medial-anteriorly while submandibular duct is more anteriorly)

innervation oral part of tongue

somatic sensory from lingual nerve from CN V3 special sensory taste from lingual nerve from chorda tympani from CN 7 para post from lingual nerve from chorda tympani from CN 7

innervation pharyngeal part of tongue

visceral sensory special sensory taste both from CN 9 glossopharyngeal and CN 10 vagus

also action and innervation

CN V3 closes jaw by elevating mandible

also action and innervation

closes jaw by elevating mandible + retraction of mandible CN V3 trigeminal

also innervation and actions

protrusion and lateral movement of mandible CN V3

also innervation and actions

elevation and lateral movement of mandible CN V3

also fiber types

inferior alveolar nerve: somatic sensory nerve to mylohyoid: somatic sensory + branchial

also fiber types

somatic sensory

long buccal nerve fiber types and what it innervates

somatic sensory mucosa on inside of cheek and skin on outside of cheek

inferior alveolar artery is a branch of

maxillary artery

hyoid bone

layers of anterior abdominal wall superficial to deep

skin Camper's fascia Scarpa's fascia abdominal muscles (rectus abdominus, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominus) transversalis fascia thin adipose layer parietal peritoneum