GI amatomy Flashcards
which nerve innervates the tongue muscles
all of the tongue muscles are innerated by CNXII (hypoglossal), except the palatoglossus which is innervated by CNX (vagus
what is the bile duct
where bile travels through from the gall bladder
what is the common hepatic duct
where bile travels through from the liver
where do ischioanal fossae lie
fossae lie on either side of the anal canal.
where is the appendices oriface located
on the posteromedial wall of the caecum, 1/3rd of the way between right ASIS, and the umbilicus
where does the abdominal aorta bifurcate into the common iliacs
L4 level
what is the main arterial anastomosis in the large intestine
the marginal artery of Drummond.
what supplies blood to the rectum and anal canal
Hindgut part – superior rectal artery from IMA.
Somatic part (below the pectinate line) – middle and inferior rectal arteries from the internal iliac artery.
where are the three main sites of portal anastomoses
Distal end of oesophagus.
Skin around the umbilicus.
Rectum/anal canal
what muscle is the pelvic floor
Levator ani muscle is the pelvic floor
where does the sigmoid colon become the rectum
rectosigmoid junction, anterior to S3.
where does the rectum become the anal canal
anterior to the tip of the coccyx
what muscles are associated with the levator ani
iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis.
what is the nerve supply of the levator ani
Nerve to levator ani (a branch of the sacral plexus, S3, S4).
Pudendal nerve (S2, S3, S4).
“S 2, 3, 4 keeps the pelvis off the floor”
what stimulated contraction of the external anal sphincter
pudenal nerve
what does the gallbladder do
the gall bladder stores AND concentrates bile.
what is the first branch of the abdominal aorta
coeliac trunk is the first branch of the abdominal aorta, at T12 level
what is the blood supply of the organs of the foregut
coeliac trunk
